Carbon dioxide (YMDB00912)

General function:

Involved in catalytic activity

Specific function:

Chorismate + L-glutamine = anthranilate + pyruvate + L-glutamate

Gene Name:

TRP3

Uniprot ID:

P00937

Molecular weight:

53488.89844

Reactions

General function:

Involved in carbon-nitrogen ligase activity, with glutamine as amido-N-donor

Specific function:

Hydrolysis of urea to ammonia and CO(2)

Gene Name:

DUR1

Uniprot ID:

P32528

Molecular weight:

201830.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) activity

Specific function:

The glycine cleavage system (glycine decarboxylase complex) catalyzes the degradation of glycine. The P protein binds the alpha-amino group of glycine through its pyridoxal phosphate cofactor; CO(2) is released and the remaining methylamine moiety is then transferred to the lipoamide cofactor of the H protein

Gene Name:

GCV2

Uniprot ID:

P49095

Molecular weight:

114450.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in 5-aminolevulinate synthase activity

Specific function:

Succinyl-CoA + glycine = 5-aminolevulinate + CoA + CO(2)

Gene Name:

HEM1

Uniprot ID:

P09950

Molecular weight:

59361.69922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity

Specific function:

Lipoamide dehydrogenase is a component of the alpha- ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. This includes the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, which catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2). Acts also as component of the glycine cleavage system (glycine decarboxylase complex), which catalyzes the degradation of glycine

Gene Name:

LPD1

Uniprot ID:

P09624

Molecular weight:

54009.69922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

Second most abundant of three pyruvate decarboxylases (PDC1, PDC5, PDC6) implicated in the nonoxidative conversion of pyruvate to acetaldehyde and carbon dioxide during alcoholic fermentation. Most of the produced acetaldehyde is subsequently reduced to ethanol, but some is required for cytosolic acetyl-CoA production for biosynthetic pathways. The enzyme is also one of five 2-oxo acid decarboxylases (PDC1, PDC5, PDC6, ARO10, and THI3) able to decarboxylate more complex 2-oxo acids (alpha-keto-acids) than pyruvate, which seem mainly involved in amino acid catabolism. Here the enzyme catalyzes the decarboxylation of amino acids, which, in a first step, have been transaminated to the corresponding 2-oxo acids. In a third step, the resulting aldehydes are reduced to alcohols, collectively referred to as fusel oils or alcohols. Its preferred substrates are the transaminated amino acids valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan, whereas leucine is no substrate. In a side-reaction the carbanionic intermediate (or active aldehyde) generated by decarboxylation or by activation of an aldehyde can react with an aldehyde via condensation (or carboligation) yielding a 2-hydroxy ketone, collectively called acyloins

Gene Name:

PDC5

Uniprot ID:

P16467

Molecular weight:

61911.60156

Reactions

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

Minor of three pyruvate decarboxylases (PDC1, PDC5, PDC6) implicated in the nonoxidative conversion of pyruvate to acetaldehyde and carbon dioxide during alcoholic fermentation. Most of the produced acetaldehyde is subsequently reduced to ethanol, but some is required for cytosolic acetyl-CoA production for biosynthetic pathways. The enzyme is also one of five 2-oxo acid decarboxylases (PDC1, PDC5, PDC6, ARO10, and THI3) able to decarboxylate more complex 2-oxo acids (alpha-keto-acids) than pyruvate, which seem mainly involved in amino acid catabolism. Here the enzyme catalyzes the decarboxylation of amino acids, which, in a first step, have been transaminated to the corresponding 2-oxo acids. In a third step, the resulting aldehydes are reduced to alcohols, collectively referred to as fusel oils or alcohols. Its preferred substrates are the transaminated amino acids valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan, whereas leucine is no substrate. In a side-reaction the carbanionic intermediate (or active aldehyde) generated by decarboxylation or by activation of an aldehyde can react with an aldehyde via condensation (or carboligation) yielding a 2-hydroxy ketone, collectively called acyloins. The expression level of this protein in the presence of fermentable carbon sources is so low that it can not compensate for the other two pyruvate decarboxylases to sustain fermentation

Gene Name:

PDC6

Uniprot ID:

P26263

Molecular weight:

61579.89844

Reactions

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

Major of three pyruvate decarboxylases (PDC1, PDC5, PDC6) implicated in the nonoxidative conversion of pyruvate to acetaldehyde and carbon dioxide during alcoholic fermentation. Most of the produced acetaldehyde is subsequently reduced to ethanol, but some is required for cytosolic acetyl-CoA production for biosynthetic pathways. The enzyme is also one of five 2-oxo acid decarboxylases (PDC1, PDC5, PDC6, ARO10, and THI3) able to decarboxylate more complex 2-oxo acids (alpha-ketoacids) than pyruvate, which seem mainly involved in amino acid catabolism. Here the enzyme catalyzes the decarboxylation of amino acids, which, in a first step, have been transaminated to the corresponding 2-oxo acids. In a third step, the resulting aldehydes are reduced to alcohols, collectively referred to as fusel oils or alcohols. Its preferred substrates are the transaminated amino acids valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan, whereas leucine is no substrate. In a side-reaction the carbanionic intermediate (or active aldehyde) generated by decarboxylation or by activation of an aldehyde can react with an aldehyde via condensation (or carboligation) yielding a 2-hydroxy ketone, collectively called acyloins

Gene Name:

PDC1

Uniprot ID:

P06169

Molecular weight:

61494.89844

Reactions

General function:

Involved in catalytic activity

Specific function:

Orotidine 5'-phosphate = UMP + CO(2)

Gene Name:

URA3

Uniprot ID:

P03962

Molecular weight:

29239.30078

Reactions

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

Performs an essential role in the oxidative function of the citric acid cycle. Also binds RNA; specifically to the 5'- untranslated leaders of mitochondrial mRNAs

Gene Name:

IDH1

Uniprot ID:

P28834

Molecular weight:

39323.69922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

Performs an essential role in the oxidative function of the citric acid cycle. Also binds RNA; specifically to the 5'- untranslated leaders of mitochondrial mRNAs

Gene Name:

IDH2

Uniprot ID:

P28241

Molecular weight:

39739.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

May function in the production of NADPH for fatty acid and sterol synthesis

Gene Name:

IDP3

Uniprot ID:

P53982

Molecular weight:

47856.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

Mitochondrial IDP1 may regulate flux through the tricarboxylic acid cycle and respiration. Its probably critical function is the production of NADPH

Gene Name:

IDP1

Uniprot ID:

P21954

Molecular weight:

48189.89844

Reactions

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

May function in the production of NADPH for fatty acid and sterol synthesis

Gene Name:

IDP2

Uniprot ID:

P41939

Molecular weight:

46561.89844

Reactions

General function:

Involved in ureidoglycolate hydrolase activity

Specific function:

Utilization of purines as secondary nitrogen sources, when primary sources are limiting

Gene Name:

DAL3

Uniprot ID:

P32459

Molecular weight:

21726.59961

Reactions

General function:

Involved in catalytic activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes the first reaction in the catabolism of the essential branched chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine. Involved in cell cycle regulation

Gene Name:

BAT2

Uniprot ID:

P47176

Molecular weight:

41624.39844

Reactions

General function:

Involved in catalytic activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes the first reaction in the catabolism of the essential branched chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine. Appears to be involved in the regulation of the transition from G1 to S phase in the cell cycle. High copy suppressor of a temperature-sensitive mutation in the ABC transporter, ATM1

Gene Name:

BAT1

Uniprot ID:

P38891

Molecular weight:

43595.69922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in fatty acid elongase activity

Specific function:

Involved in synthesis of 1,3-beta-glucan. Could be a subunit of 1,3-beta-glucan synthase. Could be also a component of the membrane bound fatty acid elongation systems that produce the 26-carbon very long chain fatty acids that are precursors for ceramide and sphingolipids. Appears to be involved in the elongation of fatty acids up to 24 carbons. Appears to have the highest affinity for substrates with chain length less than 22 carbons

Gene Name:

FEN1

Uniprot ID:

P25358

Molecular weight:

40001.80078

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups

Specific function:

Component of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), which catalyzes the committed step in the synthesis of sphingolipids, the condensation of serine with palmitoyl CoA to form the long chain base 3-ketosphinganine

Gene Name:

LCB1

Uniprot ID:

P25045

Molecular weight:

62206.60156

Reactions

General function:

Involved in fatty acid elongase activity

Specific function:

May be a membrane bound enzyme involved in the highly specific elongation of saturated 14-carbon fatty acids (14:0) to 16-carbon species (16:0)

Gene Name:

ELO1

Uniprot ID:

P39540

Molecular weight:

36233.60156

Reactions

General function:

Involved in acyl carrier activity

Specific function:

Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis. May be involved in the synthesis of very-long-chain fatty acids. Accessory and non-catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), which functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain

Gene Name:

ACP1

Uniprot ID:

P32463

Molecular weight:

13942.5

General function:

Involved in transferase activity

Specific function:

Fatty acid synthetase catalyzes the formation of long- chain fatty acids from acetyl-CoA, malonyl-CoA and NADPH. The beta subunit contains domains for:[acyl-carrier-protein] acetyltransferase and malonyltransferase, S-acyl fatty acid synthase thioesterase, enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase, and 3-hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase

Gene Name:

FAS1

Uniprot ID:

P07149

Molecular weight:

228689.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

Fatty acid synthetase catalyzes the formation of long- chain fatty acids from acetyl-CoA, malonyl-CoA and NADPH. The alpha subunit contains domains for:acyl carrier protein, 3- oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase, and 3-oxoacyl-[acyl- carrier-protein] synthase. This subunit coordinates the binding of the six beta subunits to the enzyme complex

Gene Name:

FAS2

Uniprot ID:

P19097

Molecular weight:

206945.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity

Specific function:

Catalytic subunit of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), which catalyzes the committed step in the synthesis of sphingolipids, the condensation of serine with palmitoyl CoA to form the long chain base 3-ketosphinganine

Gene Name:

LCB2

Uniprot ID:

P40970

Molecular weight:

63110.19922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in acyltransferase activity

Specific function:

The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2)

Gene Name:

PDA2

Uniprot ID:

P12695

Molecular weight:

51817.5

Reactions

General function:

Coenzyme transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

Not Available

Uniprot ID:

P40506

Molecular weight:

41892.69922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity

Specific function:

Maintains high levels of reduced glutathione in the cytosol

Gene Name:

GLR1

Uniprot ID:

P41921

Molecular weight:

53440.60156

Reactions

General function:

Involved in phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase activity

Specific function:

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4- carboxylate = 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole + CO(2)

Gene Name:

ADE2

Uniprot ID:

P21264

Molecular weight:

62338.69922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

ATP + 7,8-diaminononanoate + CO(2) = ADP + phosphate + dethiobiotin

Gene Name:

BIO4

Uniprot ID:

P53630

Molecular weight:

26256.69922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in catalytic activity

Specific function:

Involved in the catabolism of quinolinic acid (QA)

Gene Name:

BNA6

Uniprot ID:

P43619

Molecular weight:

32364.69922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in coproporphyrinogen oxidase activity

Specific function:

Key enzyme in heme biosynthesis. Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of propionic acid side chains of rings A and B of coproporphyrinogen III

Gene Name:

HEM13

Uniprot ID:

P11353

Molecular weight:

37711.30078

Reactions

General function:

Involved in uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes the decarboxylation of four acetate groups of uroporphyrinogen-III to yield coproporphyrinogen-III

Gene Name:

HEM12

Uniprot ID:

P32347

Molecular weight:

41348.69922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes the rate-limiting reaction in the mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (FAS) type II pathway. Responsible for the production of the mitochondrial malonyl-CoA, used for the biosynthesis of the cofactor lipoic acid. This protein carries three functions:biotin carboxyl carrier protein, biotin carboxylase, and carboxyltransferase

Gene Name:

HFA1

Uniprot ID:

P32874

Molecular weight:

259161.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in ATP binding

Specific function:

ATP + (R)-5-diphosphomevalonate = ADP + phosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate + CO(2)

Gene Name:

MVD1

Uniprot ID:

P32377

Molecular weight:

44115.5

Reactions

General function:

Involved in acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity

Specific function:

Carries out three functions:biotin carboxyl carrier protein, biotin carboxylase and carboxyltransferase

Gene Name:

FAS3

Uniprot ID:

Q00955

Molecular weight:

250351.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP) activity

Specific function:

ATP + oxaloacetate = ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate + CO(2)

Gene Name:

PCK1

Uniprot ID:

P10963

Molecular weight:

60982.69922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity

Specific function:

(S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO(2) + NADH

Gene Name:

MAE1

Uniprot ID:

P36013

Molecular weight:

74375.29688

Reactions

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor

Specific function:

Formate + NAD(+) = CO(2) + NADH

Gene Name:

FDH1

Uniprot ID:

Q08911

Molecular weight:

41714.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor

Specific function:

Formate + NAD(+) = CO(2) + NADH

Gene Name:

FDH2

Uniprot ID:

P0CF35

Molecular weight:

26487.19922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

Catalyzes the NAD(+)-dependent conversion of homoisocitrate to alpha-ketoadipate

Gene Name:

LYS12

Uniprot ID:

P40495

Molecular weight:

40068.60156

Reactions

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

Catalyzes the oxidation of 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-4- methylpentanoate (3-isopropylmalate) to 3-carboxy-4-methyl-2- oxopentanoate. The product decarboxylates to 4-methyl-2 oxopentanoate

Gene Name:

LEU2

Uniprot ID:

P04173

Molecular weight:

38952.5

Reactions

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity

Specific function:

Acts as a alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase active on sulfonates. Although taurine is a poor substrate, a variety of other sulfonates are utilized, with the best natural substrates being isethionate and taurocholate

Gene Name:

JLP1

Uniprot ID:

Q12358

Molecular weight:

46982.30078

Reactions

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

One of five 2-oxo acid decarboxylases (PDC1, PDC5, PDC6, ARO10, and THI3) involved in amino acid catabolism. The enzyme catalyzes the decarboxylation of amino acids, which, in a first step, have been transaminated to the corresponding 2-oxo acids (alpha-keto-acids). In a third step, the resulting aldehydes are reduced to alcohols, collectively referred to as fusel oils or alcohols. Its preferred substrates are the transaminated amino acids, phenylalanine, tryptophan, (and probably tyrosine), but also isoleucine, whereas leucine is a low efficiency and valine and pyruvate are no substrates. In analogy to the pyruvate decarboxylases the enzyme may in a side-reaction catalyze condensation (or carboligation) reactions leading to the formation of 2-hydroxy ketone, collectively called acyloins

Gene Name:

ARO10

Uniprot ID:

Q06408

Molecular weight:

71383.79688

Reactions

General function:

Involved in adenosylmethionine decarboxylase activity

Specific function:

S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase is essential for normal growth, sporulation, maintenance of ds-RNA virus, biosynthesis of spermine and spermidine

Gene Name:

SPE2

Uniprot ID:

P21182

Molecular weight:

46232.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in catalytic activity

Specific function:

L-ornithine = putrescine + CO(2)

Gene Name:

SPE1

Uniprot ID:

P08432

Molecular weight:

52284.80078

Reactions

General function:

Involved in 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase activity

Specific function:

3-beta-hydroxy-4-beta-methyl-5-alpha-cholest- 7-ene-4-alpha-carboxylate + NAD(P)(+) = 4-alpha-methyl-5-alpha- cholest-7-en-3-one + CO(2) + NAD(P)H

Gene Name:

ERG26

Uniprot ID:

P53199

Molecular weight:

38706.10156

Reactions

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity

Specific function:

Prephenate + NADP(+) = 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate + CO(2) + NADPH

Gene Name:

TYR1

Uniprot ID:

P20049

Molecular weight:

50922.89844

Reactions

General function:

Involved in oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (succinyl-transferring) activity

Specific function:

The 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components:2- oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3)

Gene Name:

KGD1

Uniprot ID:

P20967

Molecular weight:

114416.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, disulfide as acceptor

Specific function:

The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2)

Gene Name:

PDA1

Uniprot ID:

P16387

Molecular weight:

46342.69922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in catalytic activity

Specific function:

The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2)

Gene Name:

PDB1

Uniprot ID:

P32473

Molecular weight:

40053.19922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

2 pyruvate = 2-acetolactate + CO(2)

Gene Name:

ILV2

Uniprot ID:

P07342

Molecular weight:

74936.29688

Reactions

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6- phosphogluconate to ribulose 5-phosphate and CO(2), with concomitant reduction of NADP to NADPH

Gene Name:

GND1

Uniprot ID:

P38720

Molecular weight:

53542.69922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6- phosphogluconate to ribulose 5-phosphate and CO(2), with concomitant reduction of NADP to NADPH

Gene Name:

GND2

Uniprot ID:

P53319

Molecular weight:

53922.30078

Reactions

General function:

Involved in glutamate decarboxylase activity

Specific function:

L-glutamate = 4-aminobutanoate + CO(2)

Gene Name:

GAD1

Uniprot ID:

Q04792

Molecular weight:

65989.5

Reactions

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

One of five 2-oxo acid decarboxylases (PDC1, PDC5, PDC6, ARO10, and THI3) involved in amino acid catabolism. The enzyme catalyzes the decarboxylation of amino acids, which, in a first step, have been transaminated to the corresponding 2-oxo acids (alpha-keto-acids). In a third step, the resulting aldehydes are reduced to alcohols, collectively referred to as fusel oils or alcohols. Its preferred substrates are the transaminated amino acids leucine and isoleucine, whereas valine, aromatic amino acids, and pyruvate are no substrates. In analogy to the pyruvate decarboxylases the enzyme may in a side-reaction catalyze condensation (or carboligation) reactions leading to the formation of 2-hydroxy ketone, collectively called acyloins. The enzyme is also positively regulating the thiamine metabolism by a molecular mechanism that may involve thiamine concentration sensing and signal transmission

Gene Name:

THI3

Uniprot ID:

Q07471

Molecular weight:

68365.79688

Reactions

General function:

Involved in carbonate dehydratase activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes the reversible hydration of CO(2) to H(2)CO(3). The main role may be to provide inorganic carbon for the bicarbonate-dependent carboxylation reactions catalyzed by pyruvate carboxylase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and carbamoyl- phosphate synthetase. Involved in protection against oxidative damage. Encodes a substrate for the non-classical protein export pathway for proteins that lack a cleavable signal sequence

Gene Name:

NCE103

Uniprot ID:

P53615

Molecular weight:

24859.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in phosphatidylserine decarboxylase activity

Specific function:

May be involved in the regulation of phospholipid biosynthesis and interorganelle trafficking of phosphatidylserine

Gene Name:

PSD1

Uniprot ID:

P39006

Molecular weight:

56594.39844

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups

Specific function:

Possibly involved in the synthesis of a specialized molecule, probably related to a fatty acid, which is essential for mitochondrial respiration. Is essential for oxygen uptake and the presence of cytochromes A and B

Gene Name:

CEM1

Uniprot ID:

P39525

Molecular weight:

47554.69922

Reactions

General function:

Involved in protein binding

Specific function:

May be involved in the regulation of phospholipid biosynthesis and interorganelle trafficking of phosphatidylserine

Gene Name:

PSD2

Uniprot ID:

P53037

Molecular weight:

130064.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in prephenate dehydratase activity

Specific function:

Prephenate = phenylpyruvate + H(2)O + CO(2)

Gene Name:

PHA2

Uniprot ID:

P32452

Molecular weight:

38224.80078

Reactions

General function:

ferulate metabolic process

Specific function:

Catalyzes the reversible decarboxylation of aromatic carboxylic acids like ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid or cinnamic acid, producing the corresponding vinyl derivatives 4-vinylphenol, 4-vinylguaiacol, and styrene, respectively, which play the role of aroma metabolites (PubMed:20471595, PubMed:25647642). Not essential for ubiquinone synthesis (PubMed:20471595).

Gene Name:

FDC1

Uniprot ID:

Q03034

Molecular weight:

56163.39

Reactions