{"ymdb_id":"YMDB00807","created_at":"2011-05-29T18:54:40.000Z","updated_at":"2016-09-08T18:35:55.000Z","name":"glycolic acid","cas":"79-14-1","state":"Solid","melting_point":"75-80 oC","description":"Glycolic acid (hydroxyacetic acid) is the smallest alpha-hydroxy acid. Glycolic acid has been documented in some sugar-crops.","experimental_water_solubility":null,"experimental_logp_hydrophobicity":"-1.11 [HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)]","location":null,"synthesis_reference":"Witzemann, Edgar J. Preparation of glycollic acid.  Journal of the American Chemical Society  (1917),  39  109-12.","chebi_id":"17497","hmdb_id":"HMDB00115","kegg_id":"C00160","pubchem_id":"757","cs_id":"737","foodb_id":null,"wikipedia_link":"Glycolic_acid","biocyc_id":"GLYCOLLATE","iupac":"2-hydroxyacetic acid","traditional_iupac":"glycolic acid","logp":"-1.0405937603333335","pka":"14.780077957574235","alogps_solubility":"6.08e+02 g/l","alogps_logp":"-1.02","alogps_logs":"0.90","acceptor_count":"3","donor_count":"2","rotatable_bond_count":"1","polar_surface_area":"57.53","refractivity":"14.345899999999999","polarizability":"6.195837007972227","formal_charge":"0","physiological_charge":"-1","pka_strongest_basic":"-3.6133096708862027","pka_strongest_acidic":"3.526322592592504","bioavailability":"1","number_of_rings":"0","rule_of_five":"1","ghose_filter":"0","veber_rule":"0","mddr_like_rule":"0","synonyms":["2-Hydroxyacetate","2-Hydroxyacetic acid","a-Hydroxyacetate","a-Hydroxyacetic acid","Acetic acid, hydroxy-","alpha-Hydroxyacetate","alpha-Hydroxyacetic acid","Glycocide","Glycolate","Glycolic acid","Glycollate","Glycollic acid","Hydroxyacetate","hydroxyacetic acid","Hydroxyethanoate","Hydroxyethanoic acid","Kyselina glykolova","Kyselina hydroxyoctova","Polyglycolic acid","Sodium glycolate"],"pathways":[{"name":"Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00630"}],"growth_conditions":[],"references":[{"pubmed_id":21062828,"citation":"Scheer, M., Grote, A., Chang, A., Schomburg, I., Munaretto, C., Rother, M., Sohngen, C., Stelzer, M., Thiele, J., Schomburg, D. (2011). \"BRENDA, the enzyme information system in 2011.\" Nucleic Acids Res 39:D670-D676."}],"proteins":[{"created_at":"2011-05-24T20:34:21.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-29T14:01:21.000Z","name":"Enolase-phosphatase E1","uniprot_id":"P32626","uniprot_name":"ENOPH_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"UTR4","num_residues":227,"molecular_weight":"25187.19922","theoretical_pi":"5.3","general_function":"Involved in catalytic activity","specific_function":"Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the enolization of 2,3-diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate (DK-MTP-1-P) into the intermediate 2-hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate (HK-MTPenyl-1-P), which is then dephosphorylated to form the acireductone 1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene (DHK-MTPene)","reactions":[{"id":2327,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Cytoplasm. Nucleus","altext":"5-(methylthio)-2,3-dioxopentyl phosphate + H(2)O = 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + phosphate.","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2328,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Cytoplasmic;Cytoplasm. Nucleus","altext":"2-Phosphoglycolate + H2O = glycolate + phosphate","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":3792,"direction":null,"locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006311","source":"Smpdb"}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Cytoplasm. Nucleus","genbank_gene_id":"U18779","genbank_protein_id":"603641","gene_card_id":"UTR4","chromosome_location":"chromosome 5","locus":"YEL038W","synonyms":["2,3-diketo-5-methylthio-1-phosphopentane phosphatase","Unknown transcript 4 protein"],"enzyme_classes":["3.1.3.77","3.1.3.18"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" ion binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" cation binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" metal ion binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" hydrolase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds"},{"category":"Function","description":" phosphoric ester hydrolase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" phosphatase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" phosphoglycolate phosphatase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" acireductone synthase activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular amino acid biosynthetic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" amino acid salvage"},{"category":"Process","description":" L-methionine salvage from methylthioadenosine"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular amino acid metabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"Hydrolase","identifier":"PF00702"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Cysteine and methionine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00270"},{"name":"Methionine metabolism and salvage","kegg_map_id":null}],"gene_sequence":"ATGGTCATTGGGCAAAAGGTCCTGCTAGCTCGTATACCAAAAATGGGAGACAATTACTCGACTTACTTGCTTGATATTGAAGGGACAGTGTGCCCGATCTCGTTCGTGAAGGAGACTTTATTCCCTTATTTCACGAATAAAGTGCCGCAATTGGTTCAACAGGATACAAGGGACTCCCCGGTTTCCAACATTCTGTCGCAGTTTCACATCGACAATAAGGAGCAGTTGCAGGCGCATATTTTGGAGTTGGTGGCCAAGGATGTGAAGGATCCAATCTTGAAACAGTTGCAAGGCTACGTCTGGGCTCACGGATACGAATCTGGGCAGATTAAGGCGCCCGTTTATGCAGATGCTATTGACTTTATCAAGAGGAAGAAGCGTGTGTTTATCTACTCTAGTGGATCTGTAAAGGCACAGAAATTGCTGTTCGGGTATGTTCAGGATCCCAACGCGCCTGCGCATGATTCGTTGGATTTGAATTCTTATATAGATGGTTATTTCGACATCAACACTTCTGGAAAGAAAACCGAAACACAGTCTTACGCCAACATCTTGCGGGATATCGGTGCGAAGGCTAGCGAGGTACTGTTCTTGAGCGATAATCCATTGGAATTGGACGCAGCGGCCGGCGTTGGAATAGCTACTGGGTTAGCTTCCCGACCTGGTAATGCACCTGTCCCCGATGGGCAAAAGTACCAGGTATACAAGAATTTTGAAACTCTTTAA","protein_sequence":"MGDNYSTYLLDIEGTVCPISFVKETLFPYFTNKVPQLVQQDTRDSPVSNILSQFHIDNKEQLQAHILELVAKDVKDPILKQLQGYVWAHGYESGQIKAPVYADAIDFIKRKKRVFIYSSGSVKAQKLLFGYVQDPNAPAHDSLDLNSYIDGYFDINTSGKKTETQSYANILRDIGAKASEVLFLSDNPLELDAAAGVGIATGLASRPGNAPVPDGQKYQVYKNFETL"},{"created_at":"2011-05-27T08:35:11.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T08:35:11.000Z","name":"Putative 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase YNL274C","uniprot_id":"P53839","uniprot_name":"YN14_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":null,"num_residues":350,"molecular_weight":"38831.19922","theoretical_pi":"6.3","general_function":"Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor","specific_function":null,"reactions":[{"id":2819,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":"glycolate + NADP+ = glyoxylate + NADPH + H+.","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":null,"genbank_gene_id":"AY692660","genbank_protein_id":"51012771","gene_card_id":null,"chromosome_location":null,"locus":"YNL274C","synonyms":[],"enzyme_classes":["1.-.-.-","1.1.1.79"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" nucleotide binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" oxidoreductase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" cofactor binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors"},{"category":"Function","description":" oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor"},{"category":"Function","description":" NAD or NADH binding"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"2-Hacid_dh","identifier":"PF00389"},{"name":"2-Hacid_dh_C","identifier":"PF02826"}],"pathways":[],"gene_sequence":"ATGAGTAAGAAACCAATTGTTTTGAAATTAGGAAAGGATGCCTTTGGTGACCAAGCCTGGGGGGAATTGGAAAAGATTGCGGATGTAATTACCATCCCTGAATCCACCACTAGAGAACAGTTTTTGCGGGAGGTAAAAGACCCACAAAATAAGCTCTCCCAAGTACAAGTCATTACTAGAACAGCAAGGAGTGTGAAAAACACCGGTAGATTTGATGAAGAGCTTGCTCTTGCTTTGCCCTCCTCCGTAGTGGCTGTATGTCATACTGGTGCTGGTTATGACCAAATTGATGTTGAGCCATTCAAGAAAAGGCACATCCAGGTTGCCAATGTTCCTGATTTAGTTAGCAATGCTACCGCTGATACGCATGTATTTTTGCTATTGGGTGCCCTAAGAAACTTCGGTATTGGTAACAGAAGGTTGATCGAGGGAAACTGGCCGGAGGCAGGACCCGCATGTGGTTCTCCCTTTGGATACGACCCTGAAGGGAAAACAGTTGGTATACTGGGTCTAGGTAGGATTGGTCGTTGTATTTTAGAGAGATTGAAGCCGTTTGGGTTCGAGAATTTCATATATCATAACAGACACCAGCTTCCTTCCGAAGAAGAGCATGGTTGTGAATATGTAGGATTCGAGGAGTTTTTGAAGCGTTCTGATATAGTATCTGTAAACGTCCCACTGAACCACAATACTCACCATCTAATCAATGCAGAGACTATTGAAAAAATGAAAGATGGTGTAGTTATTGTTAACACAGCGCGTGGTGCCGTGATAGACGAACAAGCCATGACTGATGCTTTGCGTTCTGGAAAGATTAGAAGTGCTGGTTTGGACGTTTTCGAATATGAGCCAAAAATATCCAAAGAGTTATTATCGATGTCCCAAGTCTTAGGACTGCCTCATATGGGCACACATAGTGTAGAAACAAGAAAGAAAATGGAAGAACTGGTCGTTGAAAATGCAAAGAATGTGATATTGACCGGGAAAGTCTTGACTATTGTTCCGGAATTACAAAATGAAGACTGGCCCAATGAATCTAAGCCATTAGTTTGA","protein_sequence":"MSKKPIVLKLGKDAFGDQAWGELEKIADVITIPESTTREQFLREVKDPQNKLSQVQVITRTARSVKNTGRFDEELALALPSSVVAVCHTGAGYDQIDVEPFKKRHIQVANVPDLVSNATADTHVFLLLGALRNFGIGNRRLIEGNWPEAGPACGSPFGYDPEGKTVGILGLGRIGRCILERLKPFGFENFIYHNRHQLPSEEEHGCEYVGFEEFLKRSDIVSVNVPLNHNTHHLINAETIEKMKDGVVIVNTARGAVIDEQAMTDALRSGKIRSAGLDVFEYEPKISKELLSMSQVLGLPHMGTHSVETRKKMEELVVENAKNVILTGKVLTIVPELQNEDWPNESKPLV"},{"created_at":"2011-05-27T18:43:37.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-29T14:01:21.000Z","name":"Putative uncharacterized hydrolase YOR131C","uniprot_id":"Q12486","uniprot_name":"YOR31_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":null,"num_residues":218,"molecular_weight":"24839.80078","theoretical_pi":"6.63","general_function":"Involved in catalytic activity","specific_function":null,"reactions":[{"id":2328,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Cytoplasmic;Cytoplasm. Nucleus","altext":"2-Phosphoglycolate + H2O = glycolate + phosphate","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Cytoplasm. Nucleus","genbank_gene_id":"X90518","genbank_protein_id":"1050822","gene_card_id":null,"chromosome_location":null,"locus":"YOR131C","synonyms":[],"enzyme_classes":["3.-.-.-","3.1.3.18"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" hydrolase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds"},{"category":"Function","description":" phosphoric ester hydrolase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" phosphatase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" phosphoglycolate phosphatase activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"Hydrolase","identifier":"PF00702"}],"pathways":[],"gene_sequence":"ATGACAAAGCTACAAGGACTACAGGGATTAAAACACATCAAAGCGGTTGTATTTGATATGGATGGCACATTATGCCTACCCCAGCCTTGGATGTTTCCAGCAATGAGAAACGCCATAGGATTGGAGGACAAATCGATTGATATCCTTCATTTCATTGATACATTGCCCACAGAAAAAGAAAAAAAAGAAGCGCATGATAGAATAGAATTAGTTGAGGCAAAAGCCATGAAGGAGATGCAACCGCAGCCTGGTCTGGTTGACATAATGAGGTATTTGACGAAAAATGGTATTAGCAAGAACATATGTACTAGAAATGTCGGAGCCCCGGTAGAGACTTTTGTTAAAAGATTTATTCCATCCGAGCTTTCGAGGTTTGACTATATTGTGACAAGGGAGTTTAGGCCTACAAAACCGCAACCAGACCCATTATTACACATCGCCTCGAAGCTAAATATAAGGCCCTTGGAAATGATCATGGTAGGAGATTCATTTGACGACATGAAATCCGGTAGATCTGCTGGATGTTTCACGGTATTACTCAAGAATCATGTGAATGGACATTTACTGCTCGAACATAAAGAACTAGTAGACGTTTCAGTAGAGGATCTTTCCGAAATAATTGAATTGATTCAAAATATGAATAAAGAAAGTTTCTAA","protein_sequence":"MTKLQGLQGLKHIKAVVFDMDGTLCLPQPWMFPAMRNAIGLEDKSIDILHFIDTLPTEKEKKEAHDRIELVEAKAMKEMQPQPGLVDIMRYLTKNGISKNICTRNVGAPVETFVKRFIPSELSRFDYIVTREFRPTKPQPDPLLHIASKLNIRPLEMIMVGDSFDDMKSGRSAGCFTVLLKNHVNGHLLLEHKELVDVSVEDLSEIIELIQNMNKESF"},{"created_at":"2011-05-27T18:44:06.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-29T14:08:02.000Z","name":"Uncharacterized protein YMR130W","uniprot_id":"Q04223","uniprot_name":"YM14_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":null,"num_residues":302,"molecular_weight":"35278.10156","theoretical_pi":"6.18","general_function":"Involved in catalytic activity","specific_function":null,"reactions":[{"id":2328,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Cytoplasmic;Cytoplasm. Nucleus","altext":"2-Phosphoglycolate + H2O = glycolate + phosphate","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Cytoplasmic","genbank_gene_id":"AY557987","genbank_protein_id":"45269864","gene_card_id":null,"chromosome_location":null,"locus":"YMR130W","synonyms":[],"enzyme_classes":["3.1.3.18"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" hydrolase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds"},{"category":"Function","description":" phosphoric ester hydrolase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" phosphatase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" phosphoglycolate phosphatase activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"Hydrolase","identifier":"PF00702"}],"pathways":[],"gene_sequence":"ATGACCTATCCGAAAAGAATACCTATAAATGCGTGGTCTGAAGTTCATAGGGTGGCAAGGCCACTAATTATTACTTTCGACGCATATAATACACTATACGCCACAAAACTTCCCGTCATGGAACAATACTGCATTGTTGGGCGTAAATATGGTATCAAGGCGAATCCTTCGACTTTAACAAACAATTTTCCACACGTTTTTAAAAAACTGAAGGAAGACTATCCCCAATACGGAAAATATTCTGGTATCAAGCCCGAACAATGGTGGTCCATCTTGATTAGGAACGTCTTCGCACCAAACGAAATTCCCGATGAGATGATAAATGAAATATTAATGCGGTTTGAGGGCTTCGATTCGTATTTTGTTTATCCAGATTTGATCAAATTTTTAAAGGATTTGAAGTCAAGACATCCTGATGTTATCTTAGGAATAGTAAGCAATACTGATCCAATTTTTTACAAATTATTAAAGAATATCGGATTATTTGAGACATTTTCCGGTCACATTTATTTATCATATGAGCTTAATCTCGCCAAACCTGATAGAGCAATATTTCAATATGCGCTTGACGATATTATATCTAAACAACCTCATTTACTCGAAAAGTACACCAGGGAGGAAATTCTACAGCATTGCTTTCACATCGGAGATGAATTAAAGAACGATCTCGAAGGGGCAGAAGCTGCCGGTTGGACTGGTATACTGTTAGATAGAAATGATAAATACGGGTTTCTTTCAAACTCGATTAGTAAACCAATGCGGGACGAATACAAGCTGTCAATTGATAAAATAGATAATAATTCAATAAACACTTGGGAAGCCAATACTAAGCAAACTGACACGTTACAGTTGAGTGAAAGAAAGTACGTTGTTTCGAATCTTGAGGTTTTAGAGGAACTCTTTCCCTGA","protein_sequence":"MTYPKRIPINAWSEVHRVARPLIITFDAYNTLYATKLPVMEQYCIVGRKYGIKANPSTLTNNFPHVFKKLKEDYPQYGKYSGIKPEQWWSILIRNVFAPNEIPDEMINEILMRFEGFDSYFVYPDLIKFLKDLKSRHPDVILGIVSNTDPIFYKLLKNIGLFETFSGHIYLSYELNLAKPDRAIFQYALDDIISKQPHLLEKYTREEILQHCFHIGDELKNDLEGAEAAGWTGILLDRNDKYGFLSNSISKPMRDEYKLSIDKIDNNSINTWEANTKQTDTLQLSERKYVVSNLEVLEELFP"}]}