{"ymdb_id":"YMDB00802","created_at":"2011-05-29T18:54:17.000Z","updated_at":"2016-09-08T18:35:55.000Z","name":"D-Threonine","cas":"632-20-2","state":"Solid","melting_point":"256 oC","description":"Threonine (abbreviated as Thr or T) is an alpha-amino acid. The L-isomer is one of the 22 proteinogenic amino acids, i.e., the building blocks of proteins. D-isomers are used as carbon, nitrogen, and energy source. In plants and microorganisms, threonine is synthesized from aspartic acid via a-aspartyl-semialdehyde and homoserine.","experimental_water_solubility":"97 mg/mL at 25 oC [YALKOWSKY,SH \u0026 DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)]","experimental_logp_hydrophobicity":"-2.94 [HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)]","location":null,"synthesis_reference":null,"chebi_id":"16398","hmdb_id":null,"kegg_id":"C00820","pubchem_id":"90624","cs_id":"24532173","foodb_id":null,"wikipedia_link":"Threonine","biocyc_id":"THR","iupac":"(2R,3S)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid","traditional_iupac":"D-threonine","logp":"-3.4709635238772347","pka":"14.953369305664726","alogps_solubility":"4.77e+02 g/l","alogps_logp":"-3.01","alogps_logs":"0.60","acceptor_count":"4","donor_count":"3","rotatable_bond_count":"2","polar_surface_area":"83.55","refractivity":"26.4598","polarizability":"11.167269645817626","formal_charge":"0","physiological_charge":"0","pka_strongest_basic":"9.002504827404067","pka_strongest_acidic":"2.207432028688764","bioavailability":"1","number_of_rings":"0","rule_of_five":"1","ghose_filter":"0","veber_rule":"0","mddr_like_rule":"0","synonyms":["(2R,3S)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid","Allothreonine, D-","D-2-Amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid","D-Threonin","D-Threonine","l-Allo-threonine","Threonine","Threonine, D-"],"pathways":[],"growth_conditions":[],"references":[{"pubmed_id":21062828,"citation":"Scheer, M., Grote, A., Chang, A., Schomburg, I., Munaretto, C., Rother, M., Sohngen, C., Stelzer, M., Thiele, J., Schomburg, D. (2011). \"BRENDA, the enzyme information system in 2011.\" Nucleic Acids Res 39:D670-D676."},{"pubmed_id":15375647,"citation":"Yow, G. Y., Uo, T., Yoshimura, T., Esaki, N. (2004). \"D-amino acid N-acetyltransferase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a close homologue of histone acetyltransferase Hpa2p acting exclusively on free D-amino acids.\" Arch Microbiol 182:396-403."}],"proteins":[{"created_at":"2011-05-26T23:37:41.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-29T14:08:02.000Z","name":"N-acetyltransferase HPA3","uniprot_id":"P39979","uniprot_name":"HPA3_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"HPA3","num_residues":179,"molecular_weight":"20698.5","theoretical_pi":"7.84","general_function":"Involved in N-acetyltransferase activity","specific_function":"N-acetyltransferase whose physiological acetyl acceptor substrate is still unknown. In vitro, histone acetylation is very weak","reactions":[{"id":2617,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Cytoplasm. Nucleus","altext":"acetyl-CoA + a D-amino acid = CoA + an N-acetyl-D-amino acid","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Cytoplasm. Nucleus","genbank_gene_id":"U18795","genbank_protein_id":"603252","gene_card_id":"HPA3","chromosome_location":"chromosome 5","locus":"YEL066W","synonyms":[],"enzyme_classes":["2.3.1.-","2.3.1.36"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity, transferring acyl groups"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups"},{"category":"Function","description":" acyltransferase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" acetyltransferase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" N-acetyltransferase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"Acetyltransf_1","identifier":"PF00583"}],"pathways":[],"gene_sequence":"ATGAAAAAGACCCCAGACCCATCTCCACCTTTTGCAAGCACGAAGAACGTAGGCATGTCAAACGAAGAACCGGAAAAAATGGTTAACGATCGAATTGTGGTGAAGGCCATCGAGCCAAAAGATGAGGAAGCCTGGAACAAACTGTGGAAGGAGTATCAGGGTTTCCAAAAAACGGTTATGCCTCCGGAAGTAGCCACCACTACCTTCGCAAGGTTTATAGACCCTACGGTCAAACTATGGGGTGCTCTAGCCTTTGACACCGAGACCGGCGATGCAATTGGCTTTGCACACTACCTGAACCATTTGACGTCGTGGCATGTCGAAGAAGTTGTCTACATGAATGACTTATATGTCACTGAACGCGCAAGAGTCAAAGGCGTAGGTAGAAAGCTCATAGAATTTGTATACAGCCGTGCCGATGAGCTCGGTACGCCTGCAGTGTACTGGGTTACAGACCATTACAATCACCGCGCACAGTTGCTGTACACCAAAGTGGCTTACAAGACAGATAAGGTTCTTTACAAGAGAAACGGATACTGA","protein_sequence":"MKKTPDPSPPFASTKNVGMSNEEPEKMVNDRIVVKAIEPKDEEAWNKLWKEYQGFQKTVMPPEVATTTFARFIDPTVKLWGALAFDTETGDAIGFAHYLNHLTSWHVEEVVYMNDLYVTERARVKGVGRKLIEFVYSRADELGTPAVYWVTDHYNHRAQLLYTKVAYKTDKVLYKRNGY"}]}