{"ymdb_id":"YMDB00716","created_at":"2011-05-29T18:46:09.000Z","updated_at":"2016-09-08T18:35:48.000Z","name":"itaconic acid","cas":"97-65-4","state":"Solid","melting_point":"175 oC","description":"Itaconic acid is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid. Many microorganisms are able to grow on itaconate as their sole source of carbon.","experimental_water_solubility":"76.8 mg/mL at 20 oC [YALKOWSKY,SH \u0026 DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)]","experimental_logp_hydrophobicity":null,"location":"mitochondrion","synthesis_reference":null,"chebi_id":"30838","hmdb_id":"HMDB02092","kegg_id":"C00490","pubchem_id":"811","cs_id":"789","foodb_id":null,"wikipedia_link":"Itaconic_acid","biocyc_id":"ITACONATE","iupac":"2-methylidenebutanedioic acid","traditional_iupac":"itaconic acid","logp":"0.052824681999999894","pka":"4.492219330986345","alogps_solubility":"6.30e+01 g/l","alogps_logp":"0.00","alogps_logs":"-0.31","acceptor_count":"4","donor_count":"2","rotatable_bond_count":"3","polar_surface_area":"74.6","refractivity":"27.9149","polarizability":"11.058996822042474","formal_charge":"0","physiological_charge":"-2","pka_strongest_basic":null,"pka_strongest_acidic":"3.6521044530966424","bioavailability":"1","number_of_rings":"0","rule_of_five":"1","ghose_filter":"0","veber_rule":"0","mddr_like_rule":"0","synonyms":["2-Hydroxy-3-Naphthoyl-2-Naphthylamine","2-Methylenesuccinate","2-Methylenesuccinic acid","2-Propene-1,2-dicarboxylate","2-Propene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid","Butanedioic acid, methylene-","Itaconate","Itaconic acid","Methylenebutanedioate","Methylenebutanedioic acid","Methylenesuccinate","methylenesuccinate(2-)","methylenesuccinic acid","methylenesuccinic acid, ion(2-)","Propylenedicarboxylate","Propylenedicarboxylic acid","Succinic acid, methylene-"],"pathways":[{"name":"purine nucleotides de novo biosynthesis","kegg_map_id":null}],"growth_conditions":[],"references":[{"pubmed_id":18846089,"citation":"Herrgard, M. J., Swainston, N., Dobson, P., Dunn, W. B., Arga, K. Y., Arvas, M., Bluthgen, N., Borger, S., Costenoble, R., Heinemann, M., Hucka, M., Le Novere, N., Li, P., Liebermeister, W., Mo, M. L., Oliveira, A. P., Petranovic, D., Pettifer, S., Simeonidis, E., Smallbone, K., Spasic, I., Weichart, D., Brent, R., Broomhead, D. S., Westerhoff, H. V., Kirdar, B., Penttila, M., Klipp, E., Palsson, B. O., Sauer, U., Oliver, S. G., Mendes, P., Nielsen, J., Kell, D. B. (2008). \"A consensus yeast metabolic network reconstruction obtained from a community approach to systems biology.\" Nat Biotechnol 26:1155-1160."},{"pubmed_id":17447879,"citation":"Aliverdieva, D. A., Mamaev, D. V., Bondarenko, D. I., Sholtz, K. F. (2007). \"Topography of the active site of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae plasmalemmal dicarboxylate transporter studied using lipophilic derivatives of its substrates.\" Biochemistry (Mosc) 72:264-274."},{"pubmed_id":9874242,"citation":"Przybyla-Zawislak, B., Dennis, R. A., Zakharkin, S. O., McCammon, M. T. (1998). \"Genes of succinyl-CoA ligase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.\" Eur J Biochem 258:736-743."}],"proteins":[{"created_at":"2011-05-24T21:16:20.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T15:00:57.000Z","name":"Succinyl-CoA ligase [ADP-forming] subunit alpha, mitochondrial","uniprot_id":"P53598","uniprot_name":"SUCA_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"LSC1","num_residues":329,"molecular_weight":"35032.19922","theoretical_pi":"8.76","general_function":"Involved in catalytic activity","specific_function":"ATP + succinate + CoA = ADP + phosphate + succinyl-CoA","reactions":[{"id":2376,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Mitochondrion","altext":"ATP + succinate + CoA = ADP + phosphate + succinyl-CoA.","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":3700,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R003283","source":"Smpdb"},{"id":3701,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006825","source":"Smpdb"}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Mitochondrion","genbank_gene_id":"X94335","genbank_protein_id":"1164984","gene_card_id":"LSC1","chromosome_location":"chromosome 15","locus":"YOR142W","synonyms":["Succinyl-CoA synthetase subunit alpha","SCS-alpha"],"enzyme_classes":["6.2.1.5"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" CoA-ligase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" succinate-CoA ligase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" succinate-CoA ligase (ADP-forming) activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" ATP citrate synthase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" ligase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity, transferring acyl groups"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity, transferring acyl groups, acyl groups converted into alkyl on transfer"},{"category":"Function","description":" ligase activity, forming carbon-sulfur bonds"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"CoA_binding","identifier":"PF02629"},{"name":"Ligase_CoA","identifier":"PF00549"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)","kegg_map_id":"00020"},{"name":"Propanoate metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00640"},{"name":"Citric Acid Cycle 1434561204","kegg_map_id":null},{"name":"TCA Cycle","kegg_map_id":null}],"gene_sequence":"ATGTTAAGATCTACCGTTTCAAAAGCTTCTCTCAAAATTTGTCGTCACTTTCACAGAGAATCTATTCCTTACGATAAGACGATCAAAAATTTGCTGCTTCCCAAGGACACCAAGGTGATCTTTCAGGGGTTCACAGGTAAACAAGGTACTTTTCATGCCAGCATCTCTCAAGAATATGGTACAAATGTTGTGGGTGGTACGAACCCAAAAAAGGCGGGTCAAACACATTTAGGCCAACCTGTCTTTGCCTCTGTGAAGGACGCGATTAAGGAGACTGGAGCCACTGCCAGTGCCATCTTTGTTCCTCCACCGATCGCAGCTGCTGCCATTAAAGAATCTATTGAAGCTGAAATTCCGTTAGCTGTATGTATCACTGAAGGTATTCCTCAACATGACATGTTATACATTGCAGAAATGTTGCAGACACAAGATAAAACAAGATTAGTTGGGCCCAACTGCCCTGGTATCATTAACCCAGCAACAAAGGTAAGAATTGGTATCCAGCCCCCAAAAATTTTTCAAGCTGGTAAAATCGGTATTATTTCCAGATCGGGAACTTTGACATACGAAGCTGTTCAGCAAACTACAAAAACTGACCTTGGTCAATCACTGGTTATTGGTATGGGTGGTGATGCTTTTCCCGGTACTGATTTTATTGACGCCTTGAAATTATTTCTAGAAGATGAAACTACAGAAGGTATTATTATGTTAGGTGAAATAGGTGGTAAGGCCGAAATCGAAGCTGCTCAATTTCTCAAAGAATACAACTTTAGCAGGAGTAAGCCGATGCCGGTGGCATCTTTCATCGCAGGAACTGTTGCTGGTCAAATGAAAGGTGTTAGAATGGGTCACTCCGGTGCAATTGTAGAAGGATCTGGAACTGATGCAGAATCCAAAAAACAAGCTTTGAGAGATGTTGGTGTTGCCGTCGTTGAATCTCCAGGTTACTTAGGTCAAGCTTTACTGGATCAATTTGCCAAATTTAAATGA","protein_sequence":"MLRSTVSKASLKICRHFHRESIPYDKTIKNLLLPKDTKVIFQGFTGKQGTFHASISQEYGTNVVGGTNPKKAGQTHLGQPVFASVKDAIKETGATASAIFVPPPIAAAAIKESIEAEIPLAVCITEGIPQHDMLYIAEMLQTQDKTRLVGPNCPGIINPATKVRIGIQPPKIFQAGKIGIISRSGTLTYEAVQQTTKTDLGQSLVIGMGGDAFPGTDFIDALKLFLEDETTEGIIMLGEIGGKAEIEAAQFLKEYNFSRSKPMPVASFIAGTVAGQMKGVRMGHSGAIVEGSGTDAESKKQALRDVGVAVVESPGYLGQALLDQFAKFK"},{"created_at":"2011-05-26T16:17:09.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T15:00:59.000Z","name":"Succinyl-CoA ligase [ADP-forming] subunit beta, mitochondrial","uniprot_id":"P53312","uniprot_name":"SUCB_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"LSC2","num_residues":427,"molecular_weight":"46900.30078","theoretical_pi":"7.56","general_function":"Involved in catalytic activity","specific_function":"ATP + succinate + CoA = ADP + phosphate + succinyl-CoA","reactions":[{"id":2376,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Mitochondrion","altext":"ATP + succinate + CoA = ADP + phosphate + succinyl-CoA.","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":3700,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R003283","source":"Smpdb"},{"id":3701,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006825","source":"Smpdb"}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Mitochondrion","genbank_gene_id":"Z73029","genbank_protein_id":"1323442","gene_card_id":"LSC2","chromosome_location":"chromosome 7","locus":"YGR244C","synonyms":["Succinyl-CoA synthetase beta chain","SCS-beta"],"enzyme_classes":["6.2.1.5"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" nucleoside binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" purine nucleoside binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" adenyl nucleotide binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" adenyl ribonucleotide binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" ATP binding"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"Ligase_CoA","identifier":"PF00549"},{"name":"ATP-grasp_2","identifier":"PF08442"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)","kegg_map_id":"00020"},{"name":"Propanoate metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00640"},{"name":"Citric Acid Cycle 1434561204","kegg_map_id":null},{"name":"TCA Cycle","kegg_map_id":null}],"gene_sequence":"ATGTACTCAAGAAAATCCTTATCCCTAATTTCAAAGTGTGGGCAATTAAGCAGGCTAAACGCGCAAGCTGCTTTACAAGCAAGGAGACACTTGTCAATTCATGAATACAGGTCAGCTCAGTTATTGAGGGAATACGGTATTGGTACTCCAGAAGGATTTCCAGCGTTCACTCCCGAAGAGGCTTTCGAAGCAGCCAAGAAATTAAACACTAACAAACTGGTCATCAAGGCGCAGGCATTGACCGGAGGTAGAGGTAAAGGTCACTTCGACACCGGTTACAAAAGCGGTGTTCACATGATCGAAAGTCCTCAGCAGGCAGAGGATGTTGCAAAAGAAATGCTCAATCATAACCTGATTACTAAACAGACGGGAATAGCGGGGAAGCCAGTATCTGCTGTATATATAGTGAAAAGAGTAGATACAAAGCATGAAGCTTATTTATCTATTCTAATGGACAGACAAACCAAGAAACCGATGATCATTGCGTCCAGTCAAGGTGGTATGAATATTGAAGAGGTGGCTGAGAGAACCCCAGATGCTATAAAGAAATTTTCAATTGAAACTTCAAAGGGATTGAGCCCACAAATGGCCAAGGATGTTGCCAAGAGTCTCGGTTTCAGTCCCGATGCACAAGACGAGGCAGCAAAAGCTGTTTCCAATTTGTATAAAATATTCATGGAAAGGGATGCTACACAAGTGGAGATTAACCCTTTGAGTGAAATTGAACATGATCCAACCCACAAAATCATGTGTACAGACGCCAAATTTGGGTTTGATGATAACGCATCATTCAGACAGGAAAAGATATATTCCTGGAGGGACTTATCACAAGAAGATCCTGATGAAGTTAAGGCAAAGAAGTATGATTTGAATTTTGTTAAGTTGAAGGGTAACATTGGATGTTTAGTCAATGGTGCTGGTTTGGCTATGGCTACTATGGATGTCATCAAATTAAATGGAGGCGATCCTGCGAACTTTTTGGATTGTGGTGGTGGTGCCACCCCTGAGACCATCAAACAAGGTTTCGAATTGATCTTATCCAATAAGAACGTAGATGCAATTTTCGTCAATATTTTCGGCGGTATCGTAAGATGTGACTATGTTGCCCTGGGGCTGGTAGAAGCCGCCAGAGAACTAGAAGTTAGGGTCCCCATTGTGGCACGTTTGCAAGGTACCAAAGTAGAAGAAGGCCGCGACATTATCAATAAGTCAGGCGTGAAGATTTATTCGTTTGATGAATTAGATCCTGCTGCTAAAAAGGTCGTTGAATTGACCCAAAATTAA","protein_sequence":"MYSRKSLSLISKCGQLSRLNAQAALQARRHLSIHEYRSAQLLREYGIGTPEGFPAFTPEEAFEAAKKLNTNKLVIKAQALTGGRGKGHFDTGYKSGVHMIESPQQAEDVAKEMLNHNLITKQTGIAGKPVSAVYIVKRVDTKHEAYLSILMDRQTKKPMIIASSQGGMNIEEVAERTPDAIKKFSIETSKGLSPQMAKDVAKSLGFSPDAQDEAAKAVSNLYKIFMERDATQVEINPLSEIEHDPTHKIMCTDAKFGFDDNASFRQEKIYSWRDLSQEDPDEVKAKKYDLNFVKLKGNIGCLVNGAGLAMATMDVIKLNGGDPANFLDCGGGATPETIKQGFELILSNKNVDAIFVNIFGGIVRCDYVALGLVEAARELEVRVPIVARLQGTKVEEGRDIINKSGVKIYSFDELDPAAKKVVELTQN"}]}