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lipoamide (YMDB00697)

Identification
YMDB IDYMDB00697
Namelipoamide
SpeciesSaccharomyces cerevisiae
StrainBaker's yeast
DescriptionLipoamide, also known as thioctamide or lipoacin, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as lipoamides. Lipoamides are compounds containing a lipoamide moiety, which consists of a pentanamide attached to the C3 carbon atom of a 1,2-dithiolane ring. Thus, lipoamide is considered to be a fatty amide lipid molecule. Lipoamide is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. Lipoamide exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In yeast, lipoamide is involved in the metabolic pathway called the tca cycle pathway.
Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
  • 1,2-Dithiolane-3-pentanamide
  • 1,2-Dithiolane-3-valeramide
  • 5-(1,2-dithiolan-3-yl)-pentanamide
  • 5-(1,2-dithiolan-3-yl)pentanamide
  • 5-(1,2-Dithiolan-3-yl)valeramide
  • 5-(Dithiolan-3-yl)valeramide
  • Alpha-lipoate
  • Alpha-lipoic acid
  • Alpha-lipoic acid amide
  • dl-6-Thioctic amide
  • DL-lipoamide
  • Lipamide
  • Lipoacin
  • Lipoamid
  • Lipoamide
  • Lipoicin
  • Lipozyme
  • Lypoaran
  • Pathoclon
  • Thioami
  • Thioctamid
  • Thioctamide
  • thioctic acid amide
  • Thioctic acid amide (JAN)
  • Thiotomin
  • Ticolin
  • Vitamin n
  • a-Lipoate amide
  • a-Lipoic acid amide
  • alpha-Lipoate amide
  • Α-lipoate amide
  • Α-lipoic acid amide
  • Thioctate amide
  • 6,8-Thioctic amide
  • alpha-Lipoic amide
  • Lipoamide, (+-)-isomer
CAS number940-69-2
WeightAverage: 205.341
Monoisotopic: 205.059505487
InChI KeyFCCDDURTIIUXBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChIInChI=1S/C8H15NOS2/c9-8(10)4-2-1-3-7-5-6-11-12-7/h7H,1-6H2,(H2,9,10)
IUPAC Name5-(1,2-dithiolan-3-yl)pentanamide
Traditional IUPAC Namelipoamide
Chemical FormulaC8H15NOS2
SMILESNC(=O)CCCCC1CCSS1
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as lipoamides. Lipoamides are compounds containing a lipoamide moiety, which consists of a pentanamide attached to the C3 carbon atom of a 1,2-dithiolane ring.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassDithiolanes
Sub ClassLipoamides
Direct ParentLipoamides
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Lipoamide
  • Fatty amide
  • Fatty acyl
  • 1,2-dithiolane
  • Carboxamide group
  • Organic disulfide
  • Primary carboxylic acid amide
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Charge0
Melting point126.0-129.0 °C
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Water SolubilityNot AvailablePhysProp
LogPNot AvailablePhysProp
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.1 g/LALOGPS
logP2.3ALOGPS
logP1.31ChemAxon
logS-3.3ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)16.45ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-1.4ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area43.09 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon
Refractivity56.19 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability22.38 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • mitochondrion
Organoleptic PropertiesNot Available
SMPDB Pathways
Citric Acid CyclePW000952 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Citric Acid Cycle 1434561204PW000970 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
TCA CyclePW002377 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
KEGG PathwaysNot Available
SMPDB ReactionsNot Available
KEGG Reactions
Glycine + lipoamide + hydron ↔ S(8)-aminomethyldihydrolipoamide + Carbon dioxide
NAD + Dihydrolipoamide ↔ NADH + lipoamide + hydron
Oxoglutaric acid + lipoamide + hydron ↔ Carbon dioxide + S(8)-succinyldihydrolipoamide
Concentrations
Intracellular ConcentrationsNot Available
Extracellular ConcentrationsNot Available
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (2 TMS)splash10-014i-6963000000-7e1887d53c2801b09961JSpectraViewer | MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS)splash10-017l-3920000000-a3a7a08acf06d41c9b73JSpectraViewer | MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-014i-6963000000-7e1887d53c2801b09961JSpectraViewer | MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-017l-3920000000-a3a7a08acf06d41c9b73JSpectraViewer | MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-014i-1910000000-b6ee336856e354af8114JSpectraViewer | MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-00di-3900000000-60cad9dd198c3ad64ed7JSpectraViewer | MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0f96-9800000000-ac967ad86beefc26c983JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-000i-0900000000-24fca44fc025dbd6be18JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-0ziu-9700000000-7dfd23f450bdfd581100JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-056u-9000000000-13583c4eb6b06a56c392JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positivesplash10-052r-2920000000-a4fb7176abf63e581f5eJSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positivesplash10-000i-2900000000-10a079a84f024494ae23JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positivesplash10-0zfr-9800000000-b01332176d6829b1eaa1JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positivesplash10-0udl-9400000000-7a03c741edae36dff9cfJSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positivesplash10-0a5c-9100000000-7b44dfbfcbb0cc516254JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-IT (LC/MSD Trap XCT, Agilent Technologies) , Positivesplash10-000i-0900000000-50512172ce038bce2995JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-IT (LC/MSD Trap XCT, Agilent Technologies) , Positivesplash10-03di-0900000000-7652a33c17a37b6914aaJSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-IT (LC/MSD Trap XCT, Agilent Technologies) , Positivesplash10-0udi-0900000000-0df59a6540bede8a4a79JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positivesplash10-052r-2920000000-a4fb7176abf63e581f5eJSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positivesplash10-000i-2900000000-158c946037c5d7bb3e50JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positivesplash10-0zfr-9800000000-b01332176d6829b1eaa1JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positivesplash10-0udl-9400000000-7a03c741edae36dff9cfJSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positivesplash10-0a5c-9100000000-7b44dfbfcbb0cc516254JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-IT , positivesplash10-000i-0900000000-fa779b1c88469a732321JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - , positivesplash10-000i-1900000000-9e4b6873b24c66cf9f69JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-01p9-0900000000-b37ce6b25b9feef09b96JSpectraViewer | MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0a4r-0940000000-d79e1aa52057e567d71fJSpectraViewer
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-052r-3900000000-abd8148048c5f282d889JSpectraViewer
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0adr-9500000000-9769c619660ab6af46d2JSpectraViewer
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0zml-1920000000-79d57d488cb8fbc804a3JSpectraViewer
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0fdo-4910000000-d264eaf6e242c36bc563JSpectraViewer
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0006-9000000000-289d2f20046f7819a7caJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
2D NMR[1H,13C] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
References
References:
  • Scheer, M., Grote, A., Chang, A., Schomburg, I., Munaretto, C., Rother, M., Sohngen, C., Stelzer, M., Thiele, J., Schomburg, D. (2011). "BRENDA, the enzyme information system in 2011." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D670-D676.21062828
  • Herrgard, M. J., Swainston, N., Dobson, P., Dunn, W. B., Arga, K. Y., Arvas, M., Bluthgen, N., Borger, S., Costenoble, R., Heinemann, M., Hucka, M., Le Novere, N., Li, P., Liebermeister, W., Mo, M. L., Oliveira, A. P., Petranovic, D., Pettifer, S., Simeonidis, E., Smallbone, K., Spasic, I., Weichart, D., Brent, R., Broomhead, D. S., Westerhoff, H. V., Kirdar, B., Penttila, M., Klipp, E., Palsson, B. O., Sauer, U., Oliver, S. G., Mendes, P., Nielsen, J., Kell, D. B. (2008). "A consensus yeast metabolic network reconstruction obtained from a community approach to systems biology." Nat Biotechnol 26:1155-1160.18846089
  • Przybyla-Zawislak, B., Gadde, D. M., Ducharme, K., McCammon, M. T. (1999). "Genetic and biochemical interactions involving tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) function using a collection of mutants defective in all TCA cycle genes." Genetics 152:153-166.10224250
Synthesis Reference:Xu, Yaming; Li, Zhitian; Gu, Yunlong. Synthesis of thioctamide. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (1997), 5 pp.
External Links:
ResourceLink
CHEBI ID17460
HMDB IDHMDB00962
Pubchem Compound ID863
Kegg IDC00248
ChemSpider ID840
FOODB IDFDB022340
WikipediaLipoamide
BioCyc IDLIPOAMIDE

Enzymes

Protein Details
1. Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Lipoamide dehydrogenase is a component of the alpha- ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. This includes the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, which catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2). Acts also as component of the glycine cleavage system (glycine decarboxylase complex), which catalyzes the degradation of glycine
Gene Name:
LPD1
Uniprot ID:
P09624
Molecular weight:
54009.69922
Reactions
Protein N(6)-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine + NAD(+) → protein N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine + NADH.
Protein Details
2. 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
General function:
Involved in oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (succinyl-transferring) activity
Specific function:
The 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components:2- oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3)
Gene Name:
KGD1
Uniprot ID:
P20967
Molecular weight:
114416.0
Reactions
2-oxoglutarate + [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase] lipoyllysine → [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase] S-succinyldihydrolipoyllysine + CO(2).