{"ymdb_id":"YMDB00421","created_at":"2011-05-29T18:15:31.000Z","updated_at":"2016-09-08T18:35:28.000Z","name":"4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoate","cas":"583-92-6","state":"Solid","melting_point":null,"description":"4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid is the direct precursor of methional. Methional is a compound responsible for a potato-like aroma.","experimental_water_solubility":null,"experimental_logp_hydrophobicity":null,"location":"cytoplasm","synthesis_reference":"Brodelius, P.; Hagerdal, B.; Mosbach, K.  Immobilized whole cells of the yeast Trigonopsis variabilis containing D-amino acid oxidase for the production of a-keto acids.    Enzyme Engineering  (1980),  5  383-7.","chebi_id":"33574","hmdb_id":"HMDB01553","kegg_id":"C01180","pubchem_id":"473","cs_id":"460","foodb_id":null,"wikipedia_link":null,"biocyc_id":"CPD-479","iupac":"4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoic acid","traditional_iupac":"2-oxo-4-thiomethylbutyric acid","logp":"1.1240172496666667","pka":"19.823095177292476","alogps_solubility":"7.44e+00 g/l","alogps_logp":"-0.07","alogps_logs":"-1.30","acceptor_count":"3","donor_count":"1","rotatable_bond_count":"4","polar_surface_area":"54.37","refractivity":"35.0709","polarizability":"14.212411248449321","formal_charge":"0","physiological_charge":"-1","pka_strongest_basic":"-9.673901775734686","pka_strongest_acidic":"3.303792429217063","bioavailability":"1","number_of_rings":"0","rule_of_five":"1","ghose_filter":"0","veber_rule":"0","mddr_like_rule":"0","synonyms":["2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate","2-keto-4-methylthiobutyric acid","2-ketomethiobutyrate","2-Oxo-4-methylthiobutanoate","2-oxo-4-methylthiobutanoic acid","4-methylthio-2-ketobutanoate","4-methylthio-2-ketobutyrate","4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate","4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid","4-methylthio-2-oxobutyrate","Butanoic acid, 4-(methylthio)-2-oxo-","Butyric acid, 4-(methylthio)-2-oxo-","keto-4-methylthiobutyrate","ketomethiobutyrate","ketomethiobutyric acid","KMTB","methylthiobutyrate","methylthiobutyric acid"],"pathways":[{"name":"Cysteine and methionine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00270"},{"name":"Methionine metabolism and salvage","kegg_map_id":null}],"growth_conditions":[],"references":[{"pubmed_id":18846089,"citation":"Herrgard, M. J., Swainston, N., Dobson, P., Dunn, W. B., Arga, K. Y., Arvas, M., Bluthgen, N., Borger, S., Costenoble, R., Heinemann, M., Hucka, M., Le Novere, N., Li, P., Liebermeister, W., Mo, M. L., Oliveira, A. P., Petranovic, D., Pettifer, S., Simeonidis, E., Smallbone, K., Spasic, I., Weichart, D., Brent, R., Broomhead, D. S., Westerhoff, H. V., Kirdar, B., Penttila, M., Klipp, E., Palsson, B. O., Sauer, U., Oliver, S. G., Mendes, P., Nielsen, J., Kell, D. B. (2008). \"A consensus yeast metabolic network reconstruction obtained from a community approach to systems biology.\" Nat Biotechnol 26:1155-1160."},{"pubmed_id":14506228,"citation":"Subhi, A. L., Diegelman, P., Porter, C. W., Tang, B., Lu, Z. J., Markham, G. D., Kruger, W. D. (2003). \"Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase regulates ornithine decarboxylase by production of downstream metabolites.\" J Biol Chem 278:49868-49873."}],"proteins":[{"created_at":"2011-05-24T20:34:21.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-29T14:01:21.000Z","name":"Enolase-phosphatase E1","uniprot_id":"P32626","uniprot_name":"ENOPH_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"UTR4","num_residues":227,"molecular_weight":"25187.19922","theoretical_pi":"5.3","general_function":"Involved in catalytic activity","specific_function":"Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the enolization of 2,3-diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate (DK-MTP-1-P) into the intermediate 2-hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate (HK-MTPenyl-1-P), which is then dephosphorylated to form the acireductone 1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene (DHK-MTPene)","reactions":[{"id":2327,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Cytoplasm. Nucleus","altext":"5-(methylthio)-2,3-dioxopentyl phosphate + H(2)O = 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + phosphate.","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2328,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Cytoplasmic;Cytoplasm. Nucleus","altext":"2-Phosphoglycolate + H2O = glycolate + phosphate","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":3792,"direction":null,"locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006311","source":"Smpdb"}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Cytoplasm. Nucleus","genbank_gene_id":"U18779","genbank_protein_id":"603641","gene_card_id":"UTR4","chromosome_location":"chromosome 5","locus":"YEL038W","synonyms":["2,3-diketo-5-methylthio-1-phosphopentane phosphatase","Unknown transcript 4 protein"],"enzyme_classes":["3.1.3.77","3.1.3.18"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" ion binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" cation binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" metal ion binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" hydrolase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds"},{"category":"Function","description":" phosphoric ester hydrolase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" phosphatase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" phosphoglycolate phosphatase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" acireductone synthase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" L-methionine salvage from methylthioadenosine"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular amino acid metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular amino acid biosynthetic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" amino acid salvage"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"Hydrolase","identifier":"PF00702"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Cysteine and methionine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00270"},{"name":"Methionine metabolism and salvage","kegg_map_id":null}],"gene_sequence":"ATGGTCATTGGGCAAAAGGTCCTGCTAGCTCGTATACCAAAAATGGGAGACAATTACTCGACTTACTTGCTTGATATTGAAGGGACAGTGTGCCCGATCTCGTTCGTGAAGGAGACTTTATTCCCTTATTTCACGAATAAAGTGCCGCAATTGGTTCAACAGGATACAAGGGACTCCCCGGTTTCCAACATTCTGTCGCAGTTTCACATCGACAATAAGGAGCAGTTGCAGGCGCATATTTTGGAGTTGGTGGCCAAGGATGTGAAGGATCCAATCTTGAAACAGTTGCAAGGCTACGTCTGGGCTCACGGATACGAATCTGGGCAGATTAAGGCGCCCGTTTATGCAGATGCTATTGACTTTATCAAGAGGAAGAAGCGTGTGTTTATCTACTCTAGTGGATCTGTAAAGGCACAGAAATTGCTGTTCGGGTATGTTCAGGATCCCAACGCGCCTGCGCATGATTCGTTGGATTTGAATTCTTATATAGATGGTTATTTCGACATCAACACTTCTGGAAAGAAAACCGAAACACAGTCTTACGCCAACATCTTGCGGGATATCGGTGCGAAGGCTAGCGAGGTACTGTTCTTGAGCGATAATCCATTGGAATTGGACGCAGCGGCCGGCGTTGGAATAGCTACTGGGTTAGCTTCCCGACCTGGTAATGCACCTGTCCCCGATGGGCAAAAGTACCAGGTATACAAGAATTTTGAAACTCTTTAA","protein_sequence":"MGDNYSTYLLDIEGTVCPISFVKETLFPYFTNKVPQLVQQDTRDSPVSNILSQFHIDNKEQLQAHILELVAKDVKDPILKQLQGYVWAHGYESGQIKAPVYADAIDFIKRKKRVFIYSSGSVKAQKLLFGYVQDPNAPAHDSLDLNSYIDGYFDINTSGKKTETQSYANILRDIGAKASEVLFLSDNPLELDAAAGVGIATGLASRPGNAPVPDGQKYQVYKNFETL"},{"created_at":"2011-05-27T02:15:50.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T15:01:17.000Z","name":"Aromatic amino acid aminotransferase 2","uniprot_id":"P38840","uniprot_name":"ARO9_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"ARO9","num_residues":513,"molecular_weight":"58527.0","theoretical_pi":"5.16","general_function":"Involved in transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups","specific_function":"Has aromatic amino acid transaminase activity and kynurenine aminotransferase activity","reactions":[{"id":1839,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2024,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2027,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"mitochondrion;peroxisome;cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2667,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Cytoplasm","altext":"An aromatic amino acid + 2-oxoglutarate = an aromatic oxo acid + L-glutamate.","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":3787,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006309","source":"Smpdb"},{"id":3788,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006518","source":"Smpdb"},{"id":3789,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006523","source":"Smpdb"},{"id":3790,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006536","source":"Smpdb"}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Cytoplasm","genbank_gene_id":"U10398","genbank_protein_id":"500670","gene_card_id":"ARO9","chromosome_location":"chromosome 8","locus":"YHR137W","synonyms":["Aromatic amino acid aminotransferase II","Aromatic amino acid-requiring protein 9"],"enzyme_classes":["2.6.1.57"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups"},{"category":"Function","description":" cofactor binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" pyridoxal phosphate binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" biosynthetic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"Aminotran_1_2","identifier":"PF00155"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Cysteine and methionine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00270"},{"name":"Lysine biosynthesis","kegg_map_id":"00300"},{"name":"Tyrosine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00350"},{"name":"Phenylalanine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00360"},{"name":"Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis","kegg_map_id":"00400"},{"name":"Methionine metabolism and salvage","kegg_map_id":null},{"name":"Tryptophan metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00380"}],"gene_sequence":"ATGACTGCTGGTTCTGCCCCCCCTGTTGATTACACTTCCTTAAAGAAGAACTTCCAACCGTTTCTCTCCAGAAGAGTAGAAAATAGATCTCTGAAAAGCTTTTGGGATGCTTCTGATATCTCAGATGACGTCATTGAGCTAGCTGGTGGAATGCCAAACGAGAGATTTTTTCCTATCGAATCTATGGATTTGAAAATATCAAAAGTTCCTTTTAATGATAACCCAAAATGGCATAATTCGTTTACCACGGCGCATTTGGACTTGGGATCCCCCAGTGAGCTACCCATTGCACGTTCTTTCCAATATGCAGAAACCAAGGGTTTACCCCCTCTCTTACATTTTGTTAAAGATTTTGTGTCCAGAATTAATCGCCCAGCCTTTTCCGATGAGACGGAGTCTAACTGGGATGTCATCCTTTCTGGCGGGTCCAACGATTCAATGTTTAAGGTTTTTGAAACAATTTGCGACGAATCGACCACTGTGATGATTGAAGAGTTTACTTTCACCCCGGCTATGTCCAATGTGGAGGCTACAGGAGCAAAAGTCATCCCCATCAAGATGAACCTGACCTTCGACAGAGAGTCCCAGGGTATTGATGTCGAATATCTAACGCAGTTGCTCGATAATTGGTCAACTGGACCATACAAAGACTTAAACAAGCCAAGGGTCCTATATACCATTGCAACGGGCCAAAATCCTACCGGGATGTCTGTCCCCCAGTGGAAAAGAGAGAAAATTTACCAGTTGGCCCAAAGACACGATTTCCTCATTGTTGAAGATGATCCCTACGGTTATCTGTACTTTCCTTCCTATAATCCGCAAGAGCCATTAGAAAACCCTTACCATTCTAGCGACCTGACTACTGAACGGTATTTGAATGATTTTTTAATGAAATCATTCTTGACTTTGGATACAGATGCCCGTGTCATCCGTTTGGAGACTTTTTCTAAAATTTTTGCTCCTGGATTAAGGTTATCCTTCATCGTTGCTAATAAATTCCTTTTGCAAAAAATCTTGGATTTGGCCGACATTACTACAAGGGCCCCCAGTGGTACCTCACAAGCTATTGTTTATTCTACAATAAAGGCAATGGCTGAGTCCAACTTATCGTCCTCTCTTTCTATGAAAGAAGCAATGTTTGAGGGTTGGATAAGATGGATAATGCAGATTGCTTCTAAATACAATCATAGGAAAAATCTTACTTTGAAAGCCTTATACGAAACAGAATCTTACCAAGCTGGTCAGTTTACCGTTATGGAACCCTCCGCGGGTATGTTCATCATTATTAAAATCAATTGGGGGAATTTCGATAGACCTGACGATTTGCCGCAACAGATGGATATTTTAGATAAGTTCTTGCTGAAGAATGGTGTTAAAGTAGTGCTTGGTTATAAAATGGCTGTTTGCCCAAATTATTCAAAGCAGAATTCAGATTTTCTAAGACTCACCATCGCCTATGCAAGGGATGATGATCAGTTGATTGAAGCTTCCAAAAGAATCGGTAGTGGCATAAAAGAATTTTTTGACAACTATAAAAGTTGA","protein_sequence":"MTAGSAPPVDYTSLKKNFQPFLSRRVENRSLKSFWDASDISDDVIELAGGMPNERFFPIESMDLKISKVPFNDNPKWHNSFTTAHLDLGSPSELPIARSFQYAETKGLPPLLHFVKDFVSRINRPAFSDETESNWDVILSGGSNDSMFKVFETICDESTTVMIEEFTFTPAMSNVEATGAKVIPIKMNLTFDRESQGIDVEYLTQLLDNWSTGPYKDLNKPRVLYTIATGQNPTGMSVPQWKREKIYQLAQRHDFLIVEDDPYGYLYFPSYNPQEPLENPYHSSDLTTERYLNDFLMKSFLTLDTDARVIRLETFSKIFAPGLRLSFIVANKFLLQKILDLADITTRAPSGTSQAIVYSTIKAMAESNLSSSLSMKEAMFEGWIRWIMQIASKYNHRKNLTLKALYETESYQAGQFTVMEPSAGMFIIIKINWGNFDRPDDLPQQMDILDKFLLKNGVKVVLGYKMAVCPNYSKQNSDFLRLTIAYARDDDQLIEASKRIGSGIKEFFDNYKS"},{"created_at":"2011-07-22T04:56:51.000Z","updated_at":"2011-07-22T04:56:51.000Z","name":"1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene dioxygenase","uniprot_id":"Q03677","uniprot_name":"MTND_YEAST","enzyme":false,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"ADI1","num_residues":179,"molecular_weight":"20879.19922","theoretical_pi":"4.98","general_function":"Involved in metal ion binding","specific_function":"Catalyzes the formation of formate and 2-keto-4- methylthiobutyrate (KMTB) from 1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5- methylthiopentene (DHK-MTPene)","reactions":[{"id":2860,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Nucleus","altext":"1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O(2) = 3-(methylthio)propanoate + formate + CO.","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":3791,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006310","source":"Smpdb"}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Nucleus","genbank_gene_id":"AY558584","genbank_protein_id":"45271058","gene_card_id":"ADI1","chromosome_location":null,"locus":null,"synonyms":["Acireductone dioxygenase","ARD"],"enzyme_classes":[],"go_classes":[{"category":"Function","description":"ion binding"},{"category":"Function","description":"cation binding"},{"category":"Function","description":"metal ion binding"},{"category":"Function","description":"catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":"oxidoreductase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":"dioxygenase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":"binding"},{"category":"Process","description":"oxidation reduction"},{"category":"Process","description":"cellular metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":"cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":"cellular amino acid metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":"cellular amino acid biosynthetic process"},{"category":"Process","description":"amino acid salvage"},{"category":"Process","description":"L-methionine salvage from methylthioadenosine"},{"category":"Process","description":"metabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"ARD","identifier":"PF03079"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Methionine metabolism and salvage","kegg_map_id":null}],"gene_sequence":"ATGGTTAAGGTATATATTCATGACAACAAGGTTGACTCCGATTATCGCGCACCCCACAATTCTGGAACAGAACTTTCCCTGGATGAATTAGCCAAGTTAGGAGTGATTTATAAATACTGTGCAAATGAGGAAGAAGTGAATGAAATTGCTAGGCAAAGAGAATATAAAAATAGAGATGTGGTCAACATCTGCGAAGGTTCCTTCAAAAGTGAAGCAGAGTTTAATGAAAAACTAGCAACATTCTACCAAGAGCATTTACATGAAGACGAAGAAATAAGATACTGTCTCGAGGGTGCTGGATACTTTGACGTCAGGGATGCTTCCACACCAGAGAACTGGATTAGGTGTTTGGTAGAGTCAGGTGATTTACTGATTCTTCCACCAGGCATCTATCATCGTTTCACCTTGACAACTAGCAACCACATCAAGGCCTTGAGACTGTTTAAGGACGAGCCCAAATGGCAAGCTATCAACAGGTCAAATCAGGCTGATTCATTGCCTGTACGCAAGGACTACATTGCCCTGATCAATCAGTACTAA","protein_sequence":"MVKVYIHDNKVDSDYRAPHNSGTELSLDELAKLGVIYKYCANEEEVNEIARQREYKNRDVVNICEGSFKSEAEFNEKLATFYQEHLHEDEEIRYCLEGAGYFDVRDASTPENWIRCLVESGDLLILPPGIYHRFTLTTSNHIKALRLFKDEPKWQAINRSNQADSLPVRKDYIALINQY"}]}