{"ymdb_id":"YMDB00263","created_at":"2011-05-29T18:00:00.000Z","updated_at":"2016-09-08T18:35:15.000Z","name":"Xanthine","cas":"69-89-6","state":"Solid","melting_point":"\u003e300 oC","description":"Xanthine is a purine base. Xanthine is a product of the pathway of purine degradation.","experimental_water_solubility":"0.069 mg/mL at 16 oC [MERCK INDEX (1996)]","experimental_logp_hydrophobicity":"-0.73 [HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)]","location":"extracellular;cytoplasm","synthesis_reference":"Procedure for the production of xanthine and xanthine-like materials.    Fr.  (1967),     4 pp.","chebi_id":"48517","hmdb_id":"HMDB00292","kegg_id":"C00385","pubchem_id":"1188","cs_id":"1151","foodb_id":null,"wikipedia_link":"Xanthine","biocyc_id":"XANTHINE","iupac":"2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione","traditional_iupac":"xanthine","logp":"-0.20706379166666647","pka":"10.765949537699065","alogps_solubility":"4.91e+00 g/l","alogps_logp":"-0.65","alogps_logs":"-1.49","acceptor_count":"3","donor_count":"3","rotatable_bond_count":"0","polar_surface_area":"86.88","refractivity":"36.9219","polarizability":"12.702109770186718","formal_charge":"0","physiological_charge":"0","pka_strongest_basic":"-0.7029128013721097","pka_strongest_acidic":"7.954237880526347","bioavailability":"1","number_of_rings":"2","rule_of_five":"1","ghose_filter":"0","veber_rule":"0","mddr_like_rule":"0","synonyms":["1H-Purine-2, 6-diol","1H-Purine-2,6-diol","1H-Purine-2,6-dione, 3,7-dihydro-","2,6-Dihydroxypurine","2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3, 6-tetrahydropurine","2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropurine","2,6-Dioxopurine","2,6(1,3)-Purinedion","3,7-Dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione","3,7-dihydropurine-2,6-dione","9H-purine-2,6-(1H,3H)-dione","9H-Purine-2,6-diol","9H-Purine-2,6(1H,3H)-dione","Dioxopurine","Isoxanthine","Pseudoxanthine","Purine-2,6-diol","Purine-2,6(1H,3H)-dione","purine-2(3H),6(1H)-dione","Xan","Xanthic oxide","Xanthin","Xanthine","Xanthine (VAN)"],"pathways":[{"name":"Purine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00230"}],"growth_conditions":[],"references":[{"pubmed_id":21051339,"citation":"UniProt Consortium (2011). \"Ongoing and future developments at the Universal Protein Resource.\" Nucleic Acids Res 39:D214-D219."},{"pubmed_id":18846089,"citation":"Herrgard, M. J., Swainston, N., Dobson, P., Dunn, W. B., Arga, K. Y., Arvas, M., Bluthgen, N., Borger, S., Costenoble, R., Heinemann, M., Hucka, M., Le Novere, N., Li, P., Liebermeister, W., Mo, M. L., Oliveira, A. P., Petranovic, D., Pettifer, S., Simeonidis, E., Smallbone, K., Spasic, I., Weichart, D., Brent, R., Broomhead, D. S., Westerhoff, H. V., Kirdar, B., Penttila, M., Klipp, E., Palsson, B. O., Sauer, U., Oliver, S. G., Mendes, P., Nielsen, J., Kell, D. B. (2008). \"A consensus yeast metabolic network reconstruction obtained from a community approach to systems biology.\" Nat Biotechnol 26:1155-1160."},{"pubmed_id":15565584,"citation":"Saint-Marc, C., Daignan-Fornier, B. (2004). \"GUD1 (YDL238c) encodes Saccharomyces cerevisiae guanine deaminase, an enzyme expressed during post-diauxic growth.\" Yeast 21:1359-1363."}],"proteins":[{"created_at":"2011-05-24T20:49:32.000Z","updated_at":"2011-07-22T17:54:36.000Z","name":"Purine nucleoside phosphorylase","uniprot_id":"Q05788","uniprot_name":"PNPH_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"PNP1","num_residues":311,"molecular_weight":"33754.60156","theoretical_pi":"7.31","general_function":"Involved in purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity","specific_function":"Cleavage of guanosine or inosine to respective bases and sugar-1-phosphate molecules","reactions":[{"id":1447,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":1915,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":"mitochondrion;cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":1916,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":1917,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":1918,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":1919,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":"mitochondrion;cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":1920,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":1921,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2012,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2349,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":"Purine nucleoside + phosphate = purine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":null,"genbank_gene_id":"AY557950","genbank_protein_id":"45269792","gene_card_id":"PNP1","chromosome_location":"chromosome 12","locus":"YLR209C","synonyms":["PNP","Inosine phosphorylase"],"enzyme_classes":["2.4.2.1"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity, transferring pentosyl groups"},{"category":"Function","description":" purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups"},{"category":"Process","description":" nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" nucleoside metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" nitrogen compound metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"PNP_UDP_1","identifier":"PF01048"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Purine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00230"},{"name":"Pyrimidine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00240"},{"name":"Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00760"}],"gene_sequence":"ATGAGTGATATCTTGAACGTAAGTCAACAACGTGAAGCAATTACCAAGGCCGCTGCGTATATTTCTGCTATTTTAGAACCACATTTCAAAAATACAACAAATTTCGAGCCTCCGAGAACTTTGATTATATGTGGTTCAGGGCTTGGTGGAATATCTACCAAGCTGTCTAGAGACAATCCACCCCCGGTAACAGTCCCATACCAAGACATCCCAGGATTCAAGAAAAGTACGGTTCCAGGTCATTCCGGTACACTAATGTTCGGATCTATGAATGGTTCACCAGTAGTATTAATGAATGGTCGTCTTCATGGATATGAAGGCAACACATTGTTTGAGACTACTTTTCCTATTAGAGTGCTTAACCACATGGGTCATGTTCGTAATTTAATTGTCACTAATGCCGCTGGTGGTATAAACGCGAAATATCAAGCCTGCGATTTGATGTGCATTTATGATCATTTAAATATCCCTGGCCTTGCTGGCCAGCACCCATTGAGAGGTCCTAACTTGGATGAAGATGGACCTCGTTTTTTAGCCTTGAGTGATGCATATGATCTGGAGTTGAGGAAGCTTTTATTTAAGAAATGGAAAGAGCTCAAGATTCAAAGGCCACTGCATGAAGGTACTTATACTTTTGTATCTGGACCCACTTTCGAAACAAGAGCAGAATCCAAAATGATAAGGATGTTGGGAGGAGATGCTGTCGGAATGAGTACTGTTCCCGAAGTCATTGTTGCAAGACATTGCGGATGGAGGGTTTTGGCCTTAAGTTTGATTACCAATACTTGCGTGGTGGATAGCCCTGCCAGTGCGTTGGACGAATCACCTGTACCCTTAGAAAAAGGCAAAGCGACTCACGCTGAAGTACTGGAGAATGGTAAAATCGCCTCTAATGACGTGCAAAACTTAATTGCTGCCGTAATGGGGGAATTATAA","protein_sequence":"MSDILNVSQQREAITKAAAYISAILEPHFKNTTNFEPPRTLIICGSGLGGISTKLSRDNPPPVTVPYQDIPGFKKSTVPGHSGTLMFGSMNGSPVVLMNGRLHGYEGNTLFETTFPIRVLNHMGHVRNLIVTNAAGGINAKYQACDLMCIYDHLNIPGLAGQHPLRGPNLDEDGPRFLALSDAYDLELRKLLFKKWKELKIQRPLHEGTYTFVSGPTFETRAESKMIRMLGGDAVGMSTVPEVIVARHCGWRVLALSLITNTCVVDSPASALDESPVPLEKGKATHAEVLENGKIASNDVQNLIAAVMGEL"},{"created_at":"2011-05-26T18:19:01.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T15:01:04.000Z","name":"Probable guanine deaminase","uniprot_id":"Q07729","uniprot_name":"GUAD_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"GUD1","num_residues":489,"molecular_weight":"55203.19922","theoretical_pi":"5.9","general_function":"Involved in hydrolase activity","specific_function":"Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of guanine, producing xanthine and ammonia","reactions":[{"id":1619,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2524,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Cytoplasmic","altext":"Guanine + H(2)O = xanthine + NH(3).","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Cytoplasmic","genbank_gene_id":"Z74286","genbank_protein_id":"1431404","gene_card_id":"GUD1","chromosome_location":"chromosome 4","locus":"YDL238C","synonyms":["Guanase","Guanine aminase","Guanine aminohydrolase","GAH"],"enzyme_classes":["3.5.4.3"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" guanine deaminase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" ion binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" cation binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" metal ion binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" transition metal ion binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" zinc ion binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" hydrolase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds"},{"category":"Function","description":" hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amidines"},{"category":"Process","description":" Not Available"}],"pfams":[{"name":"Amidohydro_1","identifier":"PF01979"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Purine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00230"}],"gene_sequence":"ATGACAAAAAGTGATTTATTATTTGATAAATTCAACGACAAACATGGAAAGTTTCTAGTTTTTTTTGGTACCTTTGTAGATACCCCTAAATTAGGAGAGCTGAGAATCAGAGAGAAAACATCTGTTGGAGTTCTCAACGGAATCATCAGGTTTGTGAACAGAAATTCACTCGATCCTGTCAAAGATTGTTTAGATCACGATAGTAGCTTATCACCAGAGGATGTCACGGTGGTTGACATAATTGGAAAAGACAAGACTCGAAATAACAGCTTTTATTTTCCAGGTTTTGTTGACACGCATAACCATGTCTCGCAATATCCAAATGTCGGCGTATTTGGGAATTCTACCCTGCTGGATTGGCTAGAGAAGTATACCTTCCCCATAGAAGCCGCACTAGCAAACGAAAATATTGCGAGAGAAGTTTACAATAAGGTAATAAGTAAGACGCTTTCTCACGGTACAACGACTGTGGCTTACTATAATACCATTGATCTCAAGTCCACTAAGCTCTTGGCTCAACTAAGCTCCTTATTGGGGCAGCGTGTTCTTGTTGGAAAAGTGTGCATGGATACCAATGGTCCCGAGTATTATATTGAAGATACTAAAACTTCCTTTGAAAGCACTGTGAAAGTTGTTAAGTACATACGGGAAACCATTTGTGATCCCCTCGTAAATCCTATAGTGACACCAAGGTTCGCGCCCTCTTGTTCTAGAGAACTAATGCAACAGTTGTCCAAGCTAGTCAAGGATGAAAACATACACGTTCAAACCCACTTGTCGGAAAATAAGGAGGAGATACAGTGGGTTCAAGATTTATTTCCCGAATGTGAGAGCTATACTGATGTATACGACAAATATGGGCTGCTCACAGAAAAAACAGTATTGGCACATTGTATTCATCTAACAGATGCCGAAGCGCGTGTGATTAAACAGCGTCGCTGTGGTATATCTCATTGTCCCATTTCCAACTCCTCTCTGACTTCTGGAGAGTGTAGGGTTCGATGGTTGCTGGACCAGGGCATAAAGGTTGGTCTAGGCACCGACGTTTCAGCCGGTCATTCTTGTAGCATACTCACCACCGGAAGGCAGGCCTTTGCAGTTTCAAGGCATTTGGCAATGAGAGAAACTGATCATGCAAAACTTTCAGTCTCCGAGTGCCTATTTCTTGCTACAATGGGCGGAGCACAAGTCTTGCGTATGGATGAGACCTTGGGGACTTTTGACGTCGGTAAGCAGTTTGACGCTCAAATGATCGATACCAATGCTCCCGGCTCAAACGTGGATATGTTTCATTGGCAGCTAAAGGAGAAGGATCAAATGCAAGAGCAAGAGCAAGAGCAAGGGCAAGACCCTTATAAGAACCCACCGCTGCTTACTAATGAAGACATAATCGCAAAATGGTTCTTTAACGGTGATGATCGCAACACCACTAAAGTTTGGGTAGCCGGCCAGCAAGTCTACCAGATTTAG","protein_sequence":"MTKSDLLFDKFNDKHGKFLVFFGTFVDTPKLGELRIREKTSVGVLNGIIRFVNRNSLDPVKDCLDHDSSLSPEDVTVVDIIGKDKTRNNSFYFPGFVDTHNHVSQYPNVGVFGNSTLLDWLEKYTFPIEAALANENIAREVYNKVISKTLSHGTTTVAYYNTIDLKSTKLLAQLSSLLGQRVLVGKVCMDTNGPEYYIEDTKTSFESTVKVVKYIRETICDPLVNPIVTPRFAPSCSRELMQQLSKLVKDENIHVQTHLSENKEEIQWVQDLFPECESYTDVYDKYGLLTEKTVLAHCIHLTDAEARVIKQRRCGISHCPISNSSLTSGECRVRWLLDQGIKVGLGTDVSAGHSCSILTTGRQAFAVSRHLAMRETDHAKLSVSECLFLATMGGAQVLRMDETLGTFDVGKQFDAQMIDTNAPGSNVDMFHWQLKEKDQMQEQEQEQGQDPYKNPPLLTNEDIIAKWFFNGDDRNTTKVWVAGQQVYQI"},{"created_at":"2011-05-27T05:13:28.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T15:01:23.000Z","name":"Xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1","uniprot_id":"P47165","uniprot_name":"XPT1_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"XPT1","num_residues":209,"molecular_weight":"23671.0","theoretical_pi":"6.16","general_function":"Involved in nucleoside metabolic process","specific_function":"May act as a xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase involved in the synthesis of purine nucleotides. Such activity is however unclear in vivo","reactions":[{"id":2049,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Cytoplasm","genbank_gene_id":"Z49633","genbank_protein_id":"1015868","gene_card_id":"XPT1","chromosome_location":"chromosome 10","locus":"YJR133W","synonyms":["XPRT"],"enzyme_classes":["2.4.2.-"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" nitrogen compound metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" nucleoside metabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"Pribosyltran","identifier":"PF00156"}],"pathways":[],"gene_sequence":"ATGGCCGAAAATGAGAGAATGTACATCTCCTATAATAATATTCACAAGCTTTGTCAGGGAGTGGCTAAACATATCTTAGCTAGAAACGAAAGACCTGATATTATTATCGCCATCACTGGTGGTGGTATGATCCCCGCAAGAATTATTAGGTCCTTTTTGAAAACTAAAGGACAAAAGAATATTCCGATTCAGGCCATCGGCCTATCTTTGTATGAAGATTTAGGGTTGGATAATAGCGTCGAAACTATCGGCAAAGAGGTCATCAGAACACAATGGCTGGACTTCGGTGCTTTGAACCAACATTTCGATTCCTTAATTGGTAAAAAGGTCCTAATTGTGGATGAAGTTGACGATACTAGAACTACCCTCCACTATGCTGTTTCTGAGCTGGAAAAAGAGATTGCTGAACAACAAAAGGTTTTGAATAGAATGAGTGAGGAAACCGTTATTTCTATCTTTGTTCTACATAATAAGGACAAACCAAAGAGAGCTGGACTACCTGACTCCATGATGAATTCTGGACGTTACATTGCTGCGCAAACTGTCCCTGATAAGTGGTTGTGCTATCCATGGGACGCTGAAGATATCGAAGAACATACCATGCTCGCTAAGGCTCAAGGTCATGACTGA","protein_sequence":"MAENERMYISYNNIHKLCQGVAKHILARNERPDIIIAITGGGMIPARIIRSFLKTKGQKNIPIQAIGLSLYEDLGLDNSVETIGKEVIRTQWLDFGALNQHFDSLIGKKVLIVDEVDDTRTTLHYAVSELEKEIAEQQKVLNRMSEETVISIFVLHNKDKPKRAGLPDSMMNSGRYIAAQTVPDKWLCYPWDAEDIEEHTMLAKAQGHD"}]}