{"ymdb_id":"YMDB00033","created_at":"2011-05-29T15:50:17.000Z","updated_at":"2016-09-08T18:34:55.000Z","name":"Glyoxylic acid","cas":"298-12-4","state":"Liquid","melting_point":"-93 oC","description":"Glyoxylic acid is an intermediate of the glyoxylate cycle. The glyoxylate cycle occurs in plants, and several microorganisms, such as E. coli and yeast, which enables them to convert fatty acids into carbohydrates.","experimental_water_solubility":"","experimental_logp_hydrophobicity":null,"location":"Cytoplasm;Extracelular;Peroxisome","synthesis_reference":"Jie, Yuanping; Song, Zhen.  Method for preparing glyoxylic acid.    Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu  (2007), 5pp. ","chebi_id":"16891","hmdb_id":"HMDB00119","kegg_id":"C00048","pubchem_id":"760","cs_id":"740","foodb_id":null,"wikipedia_link":"Glyoxylic_acid","biocyc_id":"GLYOX","iupac":"2-oxoacetic acid","traditional_iupac":"glyoxylic acid","logp":"-0.13367503833333333","pka":null,"alogps_solubility":"2.24e+02 g/l","alogps_logp":"-0.59","alogps_logs":"0.48","acceptor_count":"3","donor_count":"1","rotatable_bond_count":"1","polar_surface_area":"54.37","refractivity":"13.5","polarizability":"5.350371249097624","formal_charge":"0","physiological_charge":"-1","pka_strongest_basic":"-9.240766856996258","pka_strongest_acidic":"2.605312628420254","bioavailability":"1","number_of_rings":"0","rule_of_five":"1","ghose_filter":"0","veber_rule":"0","mddr_like_rule":"0","synonyms":["a-Ketoacetate","a-Ketoacetic acid","acetic acid","Acetic acid, oxo-","alpha-Ketoacetate","alpha-Ketoacetic acid","Formic acid, formyl-","Formylformate","Formylformic acid","Glyoxalate","Glyoxalic acid","Glyoxalsaeure","Glyoxylat","Glyoxylate","Glyoxylic acid","Glyoxylic acid, 14c2-labeled","Glyoxylic acid, 2-(14)C-labeled","Glyoxylic acid, calcium salt","Glyoxylic acid, sodium salt","Glyoxylic acid, sodium salt, 14C-labeled","Glyoxylic acid, sodium salt, 2-(14)C-labeled","Glyoxylsaeure","Kyselina glyoxylova","OCHCOOH","Oxalaldehydate","Oxalaldehydic acid","Oxoacetate","Oxoacetic acid","Oxoethanoate","Oxoethanoic acid","α-ketoacetate","α-ketoacetic acid"],"pathways":[{"name":"Purine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00230"},{"name":"Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00630"},{"name":"Arginine and proline metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00330"},{"name":"Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00260"},{"name":"Methane metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00680"},{"name":"Glyoxylate cycle","kegg_map_id":null},{"name":"glycine metabolism","kegg_map_id":null},{"name":"Cysteine Metabolism","kegg_map_id":null},{"name":"Methionine metabolism and salvage","kegg_map_id":null},{"name":"Pyruvate metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00620"},{"name":"Fatty acid biosynthesis","kegg_map_id":"00061"},{"name":"Selenocompound metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00450"},{"name":"Sulfur metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00920"},{"name":"Ether lipid metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00565"}],"growth_conditions":[],"references":[{"pubmed_id":21051339,"citation":"UniProt Consortium (2011). \"Ongoing and future developments at the Universal Protein Resource.\" Nucleic Acids Res 39:D214-D219."},{"pubmed_id":21062828,"citation":"Scheer, M., Grote, A., Chang, A., Schomburg, I., Munaretto, C., Rother, M., Sohngen, C., Stelzer, M., Thiele, J., Schomburg, D. (2011). \"BRENDA, the enzyme information system in 2011.\" Nucleic Acids Res 39:D670-D676."},{"pubmed_id":18846089,"citation":"Herrgard, M. J., Swainston, N., Dobson, P., Dunn, W. B., Arga, K. Y., Arvas, M., Bluthgen, N., Borger, S., Costenoble, R., Heinemann, M., Hucka, M., Le Novere, N., Li, P., Liebermeister, W., Mo, M. L., Oliveira, A. P., Petranovic, D., Pettifer, S., Simeonidis, E., Smallbone, K., Spasic, I., Weichart, D., Brent, R., Broomhead, D. S., Westerhoff, H. V., Kirdar, B., Penttila, M., Klipp, E., Palsson, B. O., Sauer, U., Oliver, S. G., Mendes, P., Nielsen, J., Kell, D. B. (2008). \"A consensus yeast metabolic network reconstruction obtained from a community approach to systems biology.\" Nat Biotechnol 26:1155-1160."},{"pubmed_id":3933486,"citation":"Takada, Y., Noguchi, T. (1985). \"Characteristics of alanine: glyoxylate aminotransferase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a regulatory enzyme in the glyoxylate pathway of glycine and serine biosynthesis from tricarboxylic acid-cycle intermediates.\" Biochem J 231:157-163."},{"pubmed_id":11846793,"citation":"Kunze, M., Kragler, F., Binder, M., Hartig, A., Gurvitz, A. (2002). \"Targeting of malate synthase 1 to the peroxisomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells depends on growth on oleic acid medium.\" Eur J Biochem 269:915-922."},{"pubmed_id":1776360,"citation":"Yoo, H. S., Cooper, T. G. (1991). \"The ureidoglycollate hydrolase (DAL3) gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.\" Yeast 7:693-698."}],"proteins":[{"created_at":"2011-05-24T20:10:13.000Z","updated_at":"2011-07-22T17:54:01.000Z","name":"Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 1","uniprot_id":"P43567","uniprot_name":"AGX1_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"AGX1","num_residues":385,"molecular_weight":"41906.80078","theoretical_pi":"8.14","general_function":"Involved in metabolic process","specific_function":"Has alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase activity","reactions":[{"id":1284,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2302,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":"L-alanine + glyoxylate = pyruvate + glycine.","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":3853,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006374","source":"Smpdb"}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":null,"genbank_gene_id":"D50617","genbank_protein_id":"836724","gene_card_id":"AGX1","chromosome_location":"chromosome 6","locus":"YFL030W","synonyms":[],"enzyme_classes":["2.6.1.44"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" cofactor binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" pyridoxal phosphate binding"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"Aminotran_5","identifier":"PF00266"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00250"},{"name":"Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00260"},{"name":"glycine metabolism","kegg_map_id":null}],"gene_sequence":"ATGACTAAATCTGTAGATACGCTGCTGATCCCAGGCCCCATTATCCTAAGCGGAGCAGTCCAGAAGGCCCTGGACGTTCCCTCTTTGGGCCACACCTCTCCTGAGTTCGTCTCTATTTTTCAAAGGGTGCTAAAGAACACAAGAGCTGTCTTCAAATCCGCTGCTGCCTCGAAGTCTCAGCCTTTTGTGCTTGCCGGCTCTGGTACGTTGGGGTGGGACATATTTGCCTCGAACTTTATTCTTTCGAAGGCCCCCAACAAGAACGTGCTGGTCGTATCCACTGGGACATTTTCTGACAGGTTTGCTGACTGTCTGCGTAGCTACGGTGCGCAAGTAGATGTTGTTAGGCCCCTCAAGATAGGCGAATCAGTTCCCTTAGAACTGATTACTGAAAAGTTGTCGCAAAATAGCTATGGGGCTGTCACGGTTACGCACGTTGACACTTCAACGGCAGTGCTGTCCGATCTGAAAGCCATTTCGCAAGCGATTAAGCAGACTTCGCCGGAAACGTTCTTCGTAGTCGATGCTGTATGCTCGATTGGATGCGAAGAGTTTGAATTTGATGAATGGGGGGTGGATTTCGCCTTGACTGCTTCGCAAAAGGCTATTGGCGCTCCAGCGGGTCTTTCTATCTCGCTATGCAGTAGCAGATTCATGGATTATGCACTCAACGACAGCAAAAATGGTCATGTACATGGGTATTTTTCCTCGTTGAGAAGATGGACACCAATAATGGAAAATTATGAGGCTGGTAAAGGAGCTTATTTTGCAACCCCACCCGTACAACTAATTAATAGCCTTGATGTAGCCTTGAAAGAAATTCTCGAAGAGGGGTTGCATAAGAGATGGGATTTGCACCGTGAAATGAGTGATTGGTTTAAAGACAGTTTGGTTAATGGCTTGCAATTGACATCCGTCAGTAGGTATCCTTCTAACATGTCTGCGCACGGGTTGACAGCCGTATACGTAGCAGATCCTCCTGATGTCATTGCTTTTTTAAAGTCACACGGTGTAGTCATTGCCGGAGGTATTCACAAGGACATCGGACCCAAGTATATCCGTATTGGACATATGGGTGTGACCGCTTGCAACAAGAATTTACCGTACATGAAGAACTGCTTCGACTTAATAAAACTAGCTCTTCAGAGGAAAAAGTGA","protein_sequence":"MTKSVDTLLIPGPIILSGAVQKALDVPSLGHTSPEFVSIFQRVLKNTRAVFKSAAASKSQPFVLAGSGTLGWDIFASNFILSKAPNKNVLVVSTGTFSDRFADCLRSYGAQVDVVRPLKIGESVPLELITEKLSQNSYGAVTVTHVDTSTAVLSDLKAISQAIKQTSPETFFVVDAVCSIGCEEFEFDEWGVDFALTASQKAIGAPAGLSISLCSSRFMDYALNDSKNGHVHGYFSSLRRWTPIMENYEAGKGAYFATPPVQLINSLDVALKEILEEGLHKRWDLHREMSDWFKDSLVNGLQLTSVSRYPSNMSAHGLTAVYVADPPDVIAFLKSHGVVIAGGIHKDIGPKYIRIGHMGVTACNKNLPYMKNCFDLIKLALQRKK"},{"created_at":"2011-05-24T20:39:30.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T14:56:01.000Z","name":"Isocitrate lyase","uniprot_id":"P28240","uniprot_name":"ACEA_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"ICL1","num_residues":557,"molecular_weight":"62408.30078","theoretical_pi":"6.37","general_function":"Involved in isocitrate lyase activity","specific_function":"Catalyzes the formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Required for growth on ethanol or acetate, but dispensable when fermentable carbon sources are available. Acts also on 2- methylisocitrate","reactions":[{"id":1677,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2333,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Cytoplasm","altext":"Isocitrate = succinate + glyoxylate.","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":4170,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006468","source":"Smpdb"}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Cytoplasm","genbank_gene_id":"U18813","genbank_protein_id":"603301","gene_card_id":"ICL1","chromosome_location":"chromosome 5","locus":"YER065C","synonyms":["ICL","Threo-D(S)-isocitrate glyoxylate-lyase","Isocitrase","Isocitratase"],"enzyme_classes":["4.1.3.1"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" oxo-acid-lyase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" lyase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" carbon-carbon lyase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" isocitrate lyase activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" organic acid metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" oxoacid metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" carboxylic acid metabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"ICL","identifier":"PF00463"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00630"},{"name":"Glyoxylate cycle","kegg_map_id":null}],"gene_sequence":"ATGCCTATCCCCGTTGGAAATACGAAGAACGATTTTGCAGCTTTACAAGCAAAACTAGATGCAGATGCTGCCGAAATTGAGAAATGGTGGTCTGACTCACGTTGGAGTAAGACTAAGAGAAATTATTCAGCCAGAGATATTGCTGTTAGACGCGGGACATTCCCACCAATCGAATACCCATCTTCGGTCATGGCCAGAAAATTATTCAAGGTATTAGAGAAGCATCACAATGAGGGTACAGTCTCTAAAACTTTCGGTGCCCTAGATCCTGTCCAGATTTCTCAAATGGCAAAATACTTAGACACAATCTATATTTCTGGTTGGCAGTGTTCATCAACTGCTTCCACCTCAAATGAACCTGGTCCAGACTTAGCTGATTATCCAATGGACACCGTTCCAAACAAAGTGGAACATTTGTTCAAGGCCCAATTGTTTCACGACAGAAAACAACTAGAGGCACGGTCAAAGGCTAAATCTCAGGAAGAACTCGATGAGATGGGTGCCCCAATTGACTACCTAACACCAATTGTCGCTGATGCAGACGCAGGCCACGGCGGTTTAACCGCAGTCTTCAAATTGACCAAGATGTTCATTGAGCGTGGTGCTGCTGGGATCCACATGGAAGACCAGACATCTACAAATAAGAAATGTGGGCATATGGCAGGAAGATGTGTTATACCCGTTCAGGAACATGTTAACAGATTGGTGACTATTAGAATGTGTGCTGATATCATGCATTCTGACTTAATTGTCGTTGCTAGGACTGATTCAGAAGCAGCCACTTTGATTAGCTCAACCATCGATACCAGAGATCATTATTTCATTGTCGGTGCCACCAATCCAAATATCGAGCCATTTGCCGAAGTTTTAAATGATGCCATCATGAGTGGTGCATCAGGACAAGAACTAGCTGACATTGAACAAAAATGGTGTAGAGACGCTGGACTCAAGTTATTCCATGAAGCCGTCATTGATGAAATTGAAAGATCAGCCCTGTCAAATAAGCAAGAATTGATTAAGAAATTCACCTCTAAAGTGGGTCCATTGACTGAAACATCCCACAGAGAAGCCAAGAAGCTCGCTAAAGAAATTCTTGGCCACGAAATTTTCTTCGACTGGGAGCTACCACGCGTAAGGGAAGGGTTGTACCGTTACAGAGGTGGGACGCAATGTTCTATCATGAGGGCCCGTGCATTTGCTCCATATGCTGATTTGGTATGGATGGAATCTAACTACCCAGACTTCCAACAGGCCAAGGAGTTTGCAGAAGGTGTTAAAGAGAAATTCCCTGACCAATGGCTAGCTTACAACTTGTCTCCATCCTTTAACTGGCCAAAAGCCATGTCCGTTGATGAACAACACACCTTCATCCAAAGGCTGGGTGATCTAGGTTACATCTGGCAATTTATCACATTGGCCGGTTTACACACTAACGCTTTAGCTGTCCATAACTTCTCTCGTGACTTTGCCAAGGATGGGATGAAAGCTTATGCCCAGAATGTTCAGCAGAGGGAAATGGACGATGGTGTTGATGTGTTGAAACATCAAAAATGGTCTGGTGCGGAGTACATCGATGGGTTATTGAAGTTAGCTCAAGGTGGTGTTAGCGCAACAGCTGCTATGGGAACCGGTGTCACAGAAGATCAATTCAAAGAAAATGGCGTAAAGAAATAG","protein_sequence":"MPIPVGNTKNDFAALQAKLDADAAEIEKWWSDSRWSKTKRNYSARDIAVRRGTFPPIEYPSSVMARKLFKVLEKHHNEGTVSKTFGALDPVQISQMAKYLDTIYISGWQCSSTASTSNEPGPDLADYPMDTVPNKVEHLFKAQLFHDRKQLEARSKAKSQEELDEMGAPIDYLTPIVADADAGHGGLTAVFKLTKMFIERGAAGIHMEDQTSTNKKCGHMAGRCVIPVQEHVNRLVTIRMCADIMHSDLIVVARTDSEAATLISSTIDTRDHYFIVGATNPNIEPFAEVLNDAIMSGASGQELADIEQKWCRDAGLKLFHEAVIDEIERSALSNKQELIKKFTSKVGPLTETSHREAKKLAKEILGHEIFFDWELPRVREGLYRYRGGTQCSIMRARAFAPYADLVWMESNYPDFQQAKEFAEGVKEKFPDQWLAYNLSPSFNWPKAMSVDEQHTFIQRLGDLGYIWQFITLAGLHTNALAVHNFSRDFAKDGMKAYAQNVQQREMDDGVDVLKHQKWSGAEYIDGLLKLAQGGVSATAAMGTGVTEDQFKENGVKK"},{"created_at":"2011-05-24T20:50:12.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T14:56:01.000Z","name":"Ureidoglycolate hydrolase","uniprot_id":"P32459","uniprot_name":"ALLA_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"DAL3","num_residues":195,"molecular_weight":"21726.59961","theoretical_pi":"5.06","general_function":"Involved in ureidoglycolate hydrolase activity","specific_function":"Utilization of purines as secondary nitrogen sources, when primary sources are limiting","reactions":[{"id":2036,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2350,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side (Potential)","altext":"(S)-ureidoglycolate + H(2)O = glyoxylate + 2 NH(3) + CO(2).","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side (Potential)","genbank_gene_id":"M64778","genbank_protein_id":"171370","gene_card_id":"DAL3","chromosome_location":"chromosome 9","locus":"YIR032C","synonyms":[],"enzyme_classes":["3.5.3.19"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" hydrolase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds"},{"category":"Function","description":" hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amidines"},{"category":"Function","description":" ureidoglycolate hydrolase activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" nitrogen compound metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" amine metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" allantoin metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" allantoin catabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"Ureidogly_hydro","identifier":"PF04115"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Purine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00230"}],"gene_sequence":"ATGGTGACCGTGGTGGCGGAGACATTGACGAAAGAGTCCTTCGAGGAGTATGGGACGATAATTTCGCCAGATGAAGAGATTTCAAGGATGCAAAACCTTGAAAAAGGTGCAAACCAGGGAACAGCGATCAAATTGCTTCAAGTAAGCCAGGTAGAGAATAAATCTACCAGTAAAGTTCCCAATTGGAACCTATTCCGTTGCTTTCCACAGCCGCACCTGAATAGAGTATTCACTCAAGGCTCCAATCAGGCGATTTCTCATTCTATCAAAGTCCTCGAAAAGCATCCGTGTAGTACGCAGACGTTTGTGCCTATGGGGAGAACGTCAGCGGAAGTAGCATACTTGGTAGTAGTCGCTAAAGAAATTGGAAATAAGCCAGACTTGTCTACGTTGAGGGCTTTTACATGTTTGGGTAATCAGGCCGTTACCTATGGCTTAGGTACCTGGCATGCGCCCATGATAGTACTTGGCAAGGAAGAACATTTGGATTTTTCAGTCTTAATCTACGAAAGTCTGGACCCTGACAGGCCCGAGAAGGACTGTGTGGAAGAACACTACAGCGATGGCGACGTTTGTATTATCATCTAA","protein_sequence":"MVTVVAETLTKESFEEYGTIISPDEEISRMQNLEKGANQGTAIKLLQVSQVENKSTSKVPNWNLFRCFPQPHLNRVFTQGSNQAISHSIKVLEKHPCSTQTFVPMGRTSAEVAYLVVVAKEIGNKPDLSTLRAFTCLGNQAVTYGLGTWHAPMIVLGKEEHLDFSVLIYESLDPDRPEKDCVEEHYSDGDVCIII"},{"created_at":"2011-05-24T20:54:41.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T15:00:56.000Z","name":"Malate synthase 1, glyoxysomal","uniprot_id":"P30952","uniprot_name":"MASY_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"MLS1","num_residues":554,"molecular_weight":"62790.60156","theoretical_pi":"7.2","general_function":"Involved in catalytic activity","specific_function":"This isozyme is necessary for growth on acetate as sole C-source","reactions":[{"id":1721,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"peroxisome;cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2351,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Glyoxysome","altext":"Acetyl-CoA + H(2)O + glyoxylate = (S)-malate + CoA.","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":4165,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006463","source":"Smpdb"}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Glyoxysome","genbank_gene_id":"EF125216","genbank_protein_id":"125863488","gene_card_id":"MLS1","chromosome_location":"chromosome 14","locus":"YNL117W","synonyms":[],"enzyme_classes":["2.3.3.9"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity, transferring acyl groups"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity, transferring acyl groups, acyl groups converted into alkyl on transfer"},{"category":"Function","description":" malate synthase activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" primary metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" carbohydrate metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular carbohydrate metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" glyoxylate cycle"}],"pfams":[{"name":"Malate_synthase","identifier":"PF01274"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Pyruvate metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00620"},{"name":"Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00630"},{"name":"Glyoxylate cycle","kegg_map_id":null}],"gene_sequence":"ATGGTTAAGGTCAGTTTGGATAACGTCAAATTACTGGTGGATGTTGATAAGGAGCCTTTCTTTAAACCATCTAGTACTACAGTGGGAGATATTCTTACCAAGGATGCTCTAGAGTTCATTGTTCTTTTACACAGAACTTTCAACAACAAGAGAAAACAATTATTGGAAAACAGACAAGTTGTTCAGAAGAAATTAGACTCGGGCTCCTATCATCTGGATTTCCTGCCTGAAACTGCAAATATTAGAAATGATCCCACTTGGCAAGGTCCAATTTTGGCACCGGGGTTAATTAATAGGTCAACGGAAATCACAGGGCCTCCATTGAGAAATATGCTGATCAACGCTTTGAATGCTCCTGTGAACACCTATATGACTGATTTTGAAGATTCAGCTTCACCTACTTGGAACAACATGGTTTACGGTCAAGTTAATCTCTACGACGCGATCAGAAATCAAATCGATTTTGACACACCAAGAAAATCGTACAAATTGAATGGAAATGTGGCCAACTTGCCCACTATTATCGTGAGACCCCGTGGTTGGCACATGGTGGAAAAGCACCTTTATGTAGATGATGAACCAATCAGCGCTTCCATCTTTGATTTTGGTTTATATTTCTACCATAATGCCAAAGAATTAATCAAATTGGGCAAAGGTCCTTACTTCTATTTGCCAAAGATGGAGCACCACTTGGAAGCTAAACTATGGAACGACGTCTTCTGTGTAGCTCAAGATTACATTGGGATCCCAAGGGGTACAATCAGAGCTACTGTGTTGATTGAAACTTTGCCTGCTGCTTTCCAAATGGAAGAGATCATCTATCAATTAAGACAACATTCTAGTGGGTTGAATTGCGGACGTTGGGACTATATTTTCTCTACAATCAAGAGATTAAGAAATGATCCTAATCACATTTTGCCCAATAGAAATCAAGTGACTATGACTTCCCCATTCATGGATGCATACGTGAAAAGATTAATCAATACCTGTCATCGGAGGGGTGTTCATGCCATGGGTGGTATGGCTGCGCAAATCCCTATCAAAGACGACCCGGCAGCCAATGAAAAGGCCATGACTAAAGTCCGTAATGATAAGATTAGAGAGCTGACAAATGGACATGATGGGTCATGGGTTGCACACCCAGCACTGGCCCCTATTTGTAATGAAGTTTTCATTAATATGGGAACACCAAACCAAATCTATTTCATTCCTGAAAACGTTGTAACGGCTGCTAATCTGCTGGAAACCAAAATTCCAAATGGTGAGATTACTACCGAGGGAATTGTACAAAACTTGGATATCGGGTTGCAGTACATGGAAGCTTGGCTCAGAGGCTCTGGATGTGTGCCCATCAACAACTTGATGGAAGACGCCGCCACTGCTGAAGTGTCTCGTTGTCAATTGTATCAATGGGTGAAACACGGTGTTACTCTAAAGGACACGGGAGAAAAGGTCACCCCAGAATTAACCGAAAAGATTCTAAAAGAACAAGTGGAAAGACTGTCTAAGGCAAGTCCATTGGGTGACAAGAACAAATTCGCGCTGGCCGCTAAGTATTTCTTGCCAGAAATCAGAGGCGAGAAATTCAGTGAATTTTTGACTACATTGTTGTACGACGAAATTGTGTCCACTAAGGCGACGCCCACTGATTTGAGCAAATTGTGA","protein_sequence":"MVKVSLDNVKLLVDVDKEPFFKPSSTTVGDILTKDALEFIVLLHRTFNNKRKQLLENRQVVQKKLDSGSYHLDFLPETANIRNDPTWQGPILAPGLINRSTEITGPPLRNMLINALNAPVNTYMTDFEDSASPTWNNMVYGQVNLYDAIRNQIDFDTPRKSYKLNGNVANLPTIIVRPRGWHMVEKHLYVDDEPISASIFDFGLYFYHNAKELIKLGKGPYFYLPKMEHHLEAKLWNDVFCVAQDYIGIPRGTIRATVLIETLPAAFQMEEIIYQLRQHSSGLNCGRWDYIFSTIKRLRNDPNHILPNRNQVTMTSPFMDAYVKRLINTCHRRGVHAMGGMAAQIPIKDDPAANEKAMTKVRNDKIRELTNGHDGSWVAHPALAPICNEVFINMGTPNQIYFIPENVVTAANLLETKIPNGEITTEGIVQNLDIGLQYMEAWLRGSGCVPINNLMEDAATAEVSRCQLYQWVKHGVTLKDTGEKVTPELTEKILKEQVERLSKASPLGDKNKFALAAKYFLPEIRGEKFSEFLTTLLYDEIVSTKATPTDLSKL"},{"created_at":"2011-05-24T20:55:15.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T15:00:56.000Z","name":"Malate synthase 2, glyoxysomal","uniprot_id":"P21826","uniprot_name":"MASZ_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"DAL7","num_residues":554,"molecular_weight":"62793.39844","theoretical_pi":"6.46","general_function":"Involved in catalytic activity","specific_function":"This isozyme is involved in the degradation of allantoin (purine catabolism)","reactions":[{"id":1721,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"peroxisome;cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2351,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Glyoxysome","altext":"Acetyl-CoA + H(2)O + glyoxylate = (S)-malate + CoA.","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":4165,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006463","source":"Smpdb"}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Glyoxysome","genbank_gene_id":"M28124","genbank_protein_id":"556463","gene_card_id":"DAL7","chromosome_location":"chromosome 9","locus":"YIR031C","synonyms":["Degradation of allantoin protein 7"],"enzyme_classes":["2.3.3.9"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity, transferring acyl groups"},{"category":"Function","description":" transferase activity, transferring acyl groups, acyl groups converted into alkyl on transfer"},{"category":"Function","description":" malate synthase activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" primary metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" carbohydrate metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular carbohydrate metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" glyoxylate cycle"}],"pfams":[{"name":"Malate_synthase","identifier":"PF01274"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Pyruvate metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00620"},{"name":"Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00630"},{"name":"Glyoxylate cycle","kegg_map_id":null}],"gene_sequence":"ATGGTGAAGATAAGCTTGGACAACACTGCTCTATACGCAGACATCGACACGACTCCTCAATTTGAACCTTCCAAAACTACTGTAGCTGATATTTTAACAAAAGATGCCTTAGAGTTCATTGTTTTGCTGCATAGAACTTTCAATTCAACACGGAAACAGCTTTTAGCCAACAGAAGCAATTTACAATCAAAGTTAGACTCTGGTGAATACCGATTTGATTTCTTGCCGGAAACCGAACAAATCAGGAACGATCCTACATGGCAAGGTGCTATCCCAGCCCCTGGTTTGATCAACAGATCCAGCGAGATTACTGGGCCACCATTGAGAAATATGTTAGTCAACGATTTGAATGCTGAAGTAACGACATATATGACTGATTTCGAGGACTCTTCATCTCCAACTTGGGAGAACATGATTTACGGACAAGTTAATCTTTATGATGCCATTAGAAATCAAATCGATTTCAAGACACCAAGAAAGGAGTACAGGTTGAAAGGTGACATTTCAAGACTGCCCACTTTAATTGTCAGACCTCGTGGCTGGCACATGGTGGAGAAGCACCTTTACATAGATGATGAACCGATTAGTGCTTCCATCTTCGATTTTGGTTTATATTTTTACCATAACGCTAAAGAGTTAGTTAAAATTGGTAAAGGACCTTATTTTTACTTACCAAAGATGGAGCACCATATGGAGGTAAAACTATGGAATGACATATTCTGTGTTGCACAAGATTTTATTGGAATGCCCCGCGGTACCATTAGGGCCACTGTTCTGATTGAAACTTTGCCAGCGGCCTTCCAAATGGAGGAGATTATCTATCAAATAAGAGAACATTCAAGCGGTTTGAACTGTGGTCGTTGGGACTACATATTTTCGACCATTAAAAAACTGAGAAACTTGAATGAACACGTTTTGCCAAATAGGGATCTAGTGACTATGACTTCACCTTTTATGGATGCTTATGTGAAAAGATTGATCAATACATGTCACCGTAGAGGGGTCCATGCGATGGGTGGTATGGCTGCCCAAATCCCCATAAAAGATGATCCAAAGGCTAATGAAGCTGCAATGAACAAAGTTCGTAATGACAAAATTAGAGAAATGAAGAATGGGCATGATGGGTCATGGGTAGCACACCCAGCATTGGCACCGATTTGTAATGAAGTTTTCAGTAACATGGGTACAGCAAATCAAATATATTTTGTCCCGGATGTACATGTTACATCATCTGATTTATTGAATACGAAGATTCAAGATGCTCAAGTCACTACTGAGGGAATCAGAGTAAACTTGGATATTGGCCTACAATATATGGAGGCTTGGTTAAGGGGATCTGGTTGTGTCCCAATTAATCATTTGATGGAAGATGCCGCTACTGCGGAAGTATCACGTTGTCAATTGTACCAGTGGGTTAAACATGGTGTTGTCTTAAGTGATACCGGTGACAAAGTAACTCCAGAATTGACCGCTAAGATATTAAATGAAGAGACTGCAAAATTGGCTTCAGCAAGTCCGCTGGGTGAAAAGAACAAGTTTGCCTTGGCAGCCAAGTATTTTTTGCCTGAAGTCACTGGTAAAATCTTTAGCGACTTCTTGACCACTTTATTGTATGATGAAATTATTAAGCCAAGTGCCAAACCAGTTGACTTAAGTAAATTATAG","protein_sequence":"MVKISLDNTALYADIDTTPQFEPSKTTVADILTKDALEFIVLLHRTFNSTRKQLLANRSNLQSKLDSGEYRFDFLPETEQIRNDPTWQGAIPAPGLINRSSEITGPPLRNMLVNALNAEVTTYMTDFEDSSSPTWENMIYGQVNLYDAIRNQIDFKTPRKEYRLKDDISRLPTLIVRPRGWHMVEKHLYIDDEPISASIFDFGLYFYHNAKELVKIGKGPYFYLPKMEHHMEVKLWNDIFCVAQDFIGMPRGTIRATVLIETLPAAFQMEEIIYQIREHSSGLNCGRWDYIFSTIKKLRNLPEHVLPNRDLVTMTSPFMDAYVKRLINTCHRRGVHAMGGMAAQIPIKDDPKANEAAMNKVRNDKIREMKNGHDGSWVAHPALAPICNEVFSNMGTANQIYFVPDVHVTSSDLLNTKIQDAQVTTEGIRVNLDIGLQYMEAWLRGSGCVPINHLMEDAATAEVSRCQLYQWVKHGVVLSDTGDKVTPELTAKILNEETAKLASASPLGEKNKFALAAKYFLPEVTGKIFSDFLTTLLYDEIIKPSAKPVDLSKL"},{"created_at":"2011-05-27T08:35:11.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T08:35:11.000Z","name":"Putative 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase YNL274C","uniprot_id":"P53839","uniprot_name":"YN14_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":null,"num_residues":350,"molecular_weight":"38831.19922","theoretical_pi":"6.3","general_function":"Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor","specific_function":null,"reactions":[{"id":2819,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":"glycolate + NADP+ = glyoxylate + NADPH + H+.","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":null,"genbank_gene_id":"AY692660","genbank_protein_id":"51012771","gene_card_id":null,"chromosome_location":null,"locus":"YNL274C","synonyms":[],"enzyme_classes":["1.-.-.-","1.1.1.79"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" nucleotide binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" oxidoreductase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" cofactor binding"},{"category":"Function","description":" oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors"},{"category":"Function","description":" oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor"},{"category":"Function","description":" NAD or NADH binding"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"2-Hacid_dh","identifier":"PF00389"},{"name":"2-Hacid_dh_C","identifier":"PF02826"}],"pathways":[],"gene_sequence":"ATGAGTAAGAAACCAATTGTTTTGAAATTAGGAAAGGATGCCTTTGGTGACCAAGCCTGGGGGGAATTGGAAAAGATTGCGGATGTAATTACCATCCCTGAATCCACCACTAGAGAACAGTTTTTGCGGGAGGTAAAAGACCCACAAAATAAGCTCTCCCAAGTACAAGTCATTACTAGAACAGCAAGGAGTGTGAAAAACACCGGTAGATTTGATGAAGAGCTTGCTCTTGCTTTGCCCTCCTCCGTAGTGGCTGTATGTCATACTGGTGCTGGTTATGACCAAATTGATGTTGAGCCATTCAAGAAAAGGCACATCCAGGTTGCCAATGTTCCTGATTTAGTTAGCAATGCTACCGCTGATACGCATGTATTTTTGCTATTGGGTGCCCTAAGAAACTTCGGTATTGGTAACAGAAGGTTGATCGAGGGAAACTGGCCGGAGGCAGGACCCGCATGTGGTTCTCCCTTTGGATACGACCCTGAAGGGAAAACAGTTGGTATACTGGGTCTAGGTAGGATTGGTCGTTGTATTTTAGAGAGATTGAAGCCGTTTGGGTTCGAGAATTTCATATATCATAACAGACACCAGCTTCCTTCCGAAGAAGAGCATGGTTGTGAATATGTAGGATTCGAGGAGTTTTTGAAGCGTTCTGATATAGTATCTGTAAACGTCCCACTGAACCACAATACTCACCATCTAATCAATGCAGAGACTATTGAAAAAATGAAAGATGGTGTAGTTATTGTTAACACAGCGCGTGGTGCCGTGATAGACGAACAAGCCATGACTGATGCTTTGCGTTCTGGAAAGATTAGAAGTGCTGGTTTGGACGTTTTCGAATATGAGCCAAAAATATCCAAAGAGTTATTATCGATGTCCCAAGTCTTAGGACTGCCTCATATGGGCACACATAGTGTAGAAACAAGAAAGAAAATGGAAGAACTGGTCGTTGAAAATGCAAAGAATGTGATATTGACCGGGAAAGTCTTGACTATTGTTCCGGAATTACAAAATGAAGACTGGCCCAATGAATCTAAGCCATTAGTTTGA","protein_sequence":"MSKKPIVLKLGKDAFGDQAWGELEKIADVITIPESTTREQFLREVKDPQNKLSQVQVITRTARSVKNTGRFDEELALALPSSVVAVCHTGAGYDQIDVEPFKKRHIQVANVPDLVSNATADTHVFLLLGALRNFGIGNRRLIEGNWPEAGPACGSPFGYDPEGKTVGILGLGRIGRCILERLKPFGFENFIYHNRHQLPSEEEHGCEYVGFEEFLKRSDIVSVNVPLNHNTHHLINAETIEKMKDGVVIVNTARGAVIDEQAMTDALRSGKIRSAGLDVFEYEPKISKELLSMSQVLGLPHMGTHSVETRKKMEELVVENAKNVILTGKVLTIVPELQNEDWPNESKPLV"}]}