L-Glutamine (YMDB00002)

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Identification

YMDB ID

YMDB00002

Name

L-Glutamine

Species

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Strain

Baker's yeast

Description

Glutamine (abbreviated as Gln or Q) is an alpha-amino acid. The L-isomer is one of the 22 proteinogenic amino acids, i.e., the building blocks of proteins. It is classified as a polar amino acid, because of the hydrophilic nature of its alkyl-amide or alkyl-carboxamide side chain. Glutamine can be considered the amide of glutamic acid. Glutamine plays a role in a variety of biochemical functions including protein synthesis, cellular energy, as a source, next to glucose, 2) Nitrogen donation for many anabolic processes and 3) Carbon donation, as a source, refilling the citric acid cycle. Glutamine is synthesized by the enzyme glutamine synthetase from glutamate and ammonia. During fermentation of wine, glutamate, glutamine and most of the amino acids are practically depleted from the grape juice/ grape must (the juice component including skins, seeds and stems) by the time the first 30 g of sugar have been fermented. Alanine and arginine are the principle amino acids found in grape must. Yeast make use of these two amino acids and ammonium (slightly) after the depletion of the other amino acids. Yeast then assimilate arginine only after the disappearance of ammonium from the grape must/juice. Yeasts do not utilize proline during fermentation although it is one of the principle amino acids found in must. During fermentation, yeasts assimilate between 1 and 2 g/L of amino acids. Towards the end of fermentation, yeasts excrete significant but variable amounts of different amino acids. Finally at the end of alcoholic fermentation, a few hundred mg/L of amino acids remain with proline generally represents half.

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

(2S)-2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoate
(2S)-2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid
(2S)-2,5-diamino-5-oxopentanoate
(2S)-2,5-diamino-5-oxopentanoic acid
(S)-2,5-Diamino-5-oxopentanoate
(S)-2,5-Diamino-5-oxopentanoic acid
2-Aminoglutaramic acid
Cebrogen
D Glutamine
D-Glutamine
gamma-glutamine
Glavamin
Glumin
Glutamate 5-amide
Glutamate amide
Glutamic acid 5-amide
Glutamic acid amide
Glutamine
L Glutamine
L-(+)-glutamine
L-2-Aminoglutaramate
L-2-Aminoglutaramic acid
L-2-Aminoglutaramidic acid
L-Glutamate g-amide
L-Glutamate gamma-amide
L-Glutamate γ-amide
L-Glutamic acid 5-amide
L-Glutamic acid g-amide
L-glutamic acid gamma-amide
L-Glutamic acid γ-amide
L-Glutamid
L-glutamide
L-Glutamin
L-glutamine
L-Glutaminsaeure-5-amid
Levoglutamid
Levoglutamida
Levoglutamide
Levoglutamidum
Levoglutamina
Polyglutamine
Q
Stimulina
Endari
Nutrestore

CAS number

56-85-9

Weight

Average: 146.1445
Monoisotopic: 146.069142196

InChI Key

ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/C5H10N2O3/c6-3(5(9)10)1-2-4(7)8/h3H,1-2,6H2,(H2,7,8)(H,9,10)/t3-/m0/s1

IUPAC Name

(2S)-2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid

Traditional IUPAC Name

L-glutamine

Chemical Formula

C₅H₁₀N₂O₃

SMILES

[H]OC(=O)[C@@]([H])(N([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(=O)N([H])[H]

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic acids and derivatives

Class

Carboxylic acids and derivatives

Sub Class

Amino acids, peptides, and analogues

Direct Parent

L-alpha-amino acids

Alternative Parents

Substituents

L-alpha-amino acid
Fatty acid
Amino acid
Carboximidic acid
Carboximidic acid derivative
Carboxylic acid
Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
Amine
Hydrocarbon derivative
Primary amine
Organooxygen compound
Organonitrogen compound
Organic oxide
Primary aliphatic amine
Organopnictogen compound
Organic oxygen compound
Organic nitrogen compound
Carbonyl group
Aliphatic acyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic acyclic compounds

External Descriptors

proteinogenic amino acid (CHEBI:18050 )
L-alpha-amino acid (CHEBI:18050 )
glutamine (CHEBI:18050 )
glutamine family amino acid (CHEBI:18050 )
Common amino acids (C00064 )

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Charge

Melting point

185 °C

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Reference
Water Solubility	41.3 mg/mL at 25 oC [YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)]	PhysProp
LogP	-3.64 [CHMELIK,J ET AL. (1991)]	PhysProp

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	97.8 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	-3.3	ALOGPS
logP	-4	ChemAxon
logS	-0.17	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	2.15	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	9.31	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	4	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	3	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	106.41 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	4	ChemAxon
Refractivity	33.11 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	13.87 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	Yes	ChemAxon

Biological Properties

Cellular Locations

extracellular
nucleus
vacuole
cytoplasm

Organoleptic Properties

Flavour/Odour	Source
Cocoa	FDB030965
Custard	FDB030965
Mild	FDB030965
Milky	FDB030965
Oily	FDB030965

SMPDB Pathways

Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism	PW002413
Asparagine metabolism	PW002274
Glutamate Metabolism	PW002376
Histidine Biosynthesis	PW002418
NAD metabolism	PW002421

KEGG Pathways

Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism	ec00250
Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism	ec00520
Arginine and proline metabolism	ec00330
Nitrogen metabolism	ec00910
Purine metabolism	ec00230

SMPDB Reactions

KEGG Reactions

Concentrations

Intracellular Concentrations

Intracellular Concentration	Substrate	Growth Conditions	Strain	Citation
17140 ± 1971 µM	Synthetic medium with 20 g/L glucose	aerobic	Baker's yeast	PMID: 12584756
2500 ± 500 µM	Minimal medium supplemented with glucose	aerobic;resting cells	Baker's yeast	PMID: 4578278
15000 ± 0 µM	Minimal medium supplemented with ammonium and glucose	aerobic;growing cells	Baker's yeast	PMID: 4578278
Conversion Details Here

Extracellular Concentrations

Not Available

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	View
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (3 TMS)	splash10-0a4i-0910000000-adb283bb40327f705680	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (3 TMS)	splash10-0a4i-0910000000-134e80840320dadf6ad1	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (3 TMS)	splash10-05fr-7910000000-89f87d4acc18299244f5	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (2 TMS)	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-952a471cad5e5ead0a7e	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (4 TMS)	splash10-004i-1961000000-94183211889cfe72d4ff	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (3 TMS)	splash10-0a4i-1920000000-6505cd814f3707a0feba	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (4 TMS)	splash10-004i-0692000000-9788416fdefb051b9586	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0a4i-0910000000-adb283bb40327f705680	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0a4i-0910000000-134e80840320dadf6ad1	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-QQ (Non-derivatized)	splash10-00dj-4921200000-5446333d9aa592da8a07	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-05fr-7910000000-89f87d4acc18299244f5	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-952a471cad5e5ead0a7e	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)	splash10-004i-1961000000-94183211889cfe72d4ff	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0a4i-1920000000-6505cd814f3707a0feba	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)	splash10-004i-0692000000-9788416fdefb051b9586	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0a4i-0910000000-ce2b15fe45c57a30c6bb	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0ab9-1900000000-7be5eab1056d2a249ab5	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-5dc2d147bea250c7b80e	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0fb9-0921000000-5dcbab01982f543f7925	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-004j-0940000000-102c9a43b5153f06927f	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0006-9300000000-716b1947d48f42862cdf	JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-00dl-9610000000-bfd7aa529a6e7f62de43	JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-0059-3900000000-c8f487d1a561e49327c0	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-001i-9000000000-eee04836e7577e11d0d0	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-0a59-9000000000-54ffbe5be8d7dbede389	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-0002-0900000000-79283391c985f8286677	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-001i-9000000000-6afbd5929b6e2371a371	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-001i-0900000000-d5bd83614703b048228e	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-001i-0900000000-dc8def340a2655f9a399	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-0002-0900000000-47e3e94a4387c53e0bd6	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-001i-9000000000-c1acfa3750a90d81ce15	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-004i-0900000000-93f01bccbc98f18d4b07	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-001i-0900000000-ce03708ec9ce55cd8952	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-0002-0933201000-9339494cebedd9c39135	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-004i-0900000000-64561a4c3590d5994e37	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-0002-0900000000-fdcdd7591fb182d804e2	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-03dm-0030900000-66314ae704783630947a	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-0002-0933100000-8798d2e46a415bb1029a	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-004i-0900000000-dddea137e500a9b364cc	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-0002-0900000000-a78f8e4b2d6b37917b21	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-0002-0920000000-8c6e1eb7de6f70911080	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative	splash10-0002-0900000000-fa42fc4bcba608992804	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative	splash10-004i-2900000000-074610880ea19a417f60	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative	splash10-059x-9200000000-8b7dae54eb8325667bd7	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negative	splash10-0006-9000000000-e115d9215eea3f0c3629	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negative	splash10-0006-9000000000-55b1ac62eea66274b984	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positive	splash10-001j-0900000000-c9c71895033d66cb2bec	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
MS	Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)	splash10-001i-9000000000-bc4e294b8a3fd8c5abce	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
2D NMR	[1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
2D NMR	[1H,1H] 2D NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer

References

References:

UniProt Consortium (2011). "Ongoing and future developments at the Universal Protein Resource." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D214-D219.21051339
Scheer, M., Grote, A., Chang, A., Schomburg, I., Munaretto, C., Rother, M., Sohngen, C., Stelzer, M., Thiele, J., Schomburg, D. (2011). "BRENDA, the enzyme information system in 2011." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D670-D676.21062828
Herrgard, M. J., Swainston, N., Dobson, P., Dunn, W. B., Arga, K. Y., Arvas, M., Bluthgen, N., Borger, S., Costenoble, R., Heinemann, M., Hucka, M., Le Novere, N., Li, P., Liebermeister, W., Mo, M. L., Oliveira, A. P., Petranovic, D., Pettifer, S., Simeonidis, E., Smallbone, K., Spasic, I., Weichart, D., Brent, R., Broomhead, D. S., Westerhoff, H. V., Kirdar, B., Penttila, M., Klipp, E., Palsson, B. O., Sauer, U., Oliver, S. G., Mendes, P., Nielsen, J., Kell, D. B. (2008). "A consensus yeast metabolic network reconstruction obtained from a community approach to systems biology." Nat Biotechnol 26:1155-1160.18846089
Abadjieva, A., Pauwels, K., Hilven, P., Crabeel, M. (2001). "A new yeast metabolon involving at least the two first enzymes of arginine biosynthesis: acetylglutamate synthase activity requires complex formation with acetylglutamate kinase." J Biol Chem 276:42869-42880.11553611
Hans, M. A., Heinzle, E., Wittmann, C. (2003). "Free intracellular amino acid pools during autonomous oscillations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Biotechnol Bioeng 82:143-151.12584756
Ludmerer, S. W., Schimmel, P. (1985). "Cloning of GLN4: an essential gene that encodes glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." J Bacteriol 163:763-768.2991203
Nookaew, I., Jewett, M. C., Meechai, A., Thammarongtham, C., Laoteng, K., Cheevadhanarak, S., Nielsen, J., Bhumiratana, S. (2008). "The genome-scale metabolic model iIN800 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its validation: a scaffold to query lipid metabolism." BMC Syst Biol 2:71.18687109
Crombie, T., Boyle, J. P., Coggins, J. R., Brown, A. J. (1994). "The folding of the bifunctional TRP3 protein in yeast is influenced by a translational pause which lies in a region of structural divergence with Escherichia coli indoleglycerol-phosphate synthase." Eur J Biochem 226:657-664.8001582
ter Schure, E. G., Sillje, H. H., Vermeulen, E. E., Kalhorn, J. W., Verkleij, A. J., Boonstra, J., Verrips, C. T. (1998). "Repression of nitrogen catabolic genes by ammonia and glutamine in nitrogen-limited continuous cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Microbiology 144 ( Pt 5):1451-1462.9611819
Watzele, G., Tanner, W. (1989). "Cloning of the glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase gene from yeast. Pheromonal regulation of its transcription." J Biol Chem 264:8753-8758.2656689
Valenzuela, L., Ballario, P., Aranda, C., Filetici, P., Gonzalez, A. (1998). "Regulation of expression of GLT1, the gene encoding glutamate synthase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." J Bacteriol 180:3533-3540.9657994
Gancedo, J. M., Gancedo, C. (1973). "Concentrations of intermediary metabolites in yeast." Biochimie 55:205-211.4578278
Castrillo, J. I., Zeef, L. A., Hoyle, D. C., Zhang, N., Hayes, A., Gardner, D. C., Cornell, M. J., Petty, J., Hakes, L., Wardleworth, L., Rash, B., Brown, M., Dunn, W. B., Broadhurst, D., O'Donoghue, K., Hester, S. S., Dunkley, T. P., Hart, S. R., Swainston, N., Li, P., Gaskell, S. J., Paton, N. W., Lilley, K. S., Kell, D. B., Oliver, S. G. (2007). "Growth control of the eukaryote cell: a systems biology study in yeast." J Biol 6:4.17439666

Synthesis Reference:

Jiao, Qingcai; Qian, Shaosong; Chen, Ran; Wu, Xiaoyan. Synthesis of L-glutamine. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2005), 7 pp.

External Links:

Resource	Link
CHEBI ID	18050
HMDB ID	HMDB00641
Pubchem Compound ID	5961
Kegg ID	C00064
ChemSpider ID	5746
FOODB ID	FDB030965
Wikipedia	Glutamine
BioCyc ID	GLN

Chorismate + L-glutamine → anthranilate + pyruvate + L-glutamate.
1-(2-carboxyphenylamino)-1-deoxy-D-ribulose 5-phosphate → 1-C-(3-indolyl)-glycerol 3-phosphate + CO(2) + H(2)O.

2 ATP + L-glutamine + HCO(3)(-) + H(2)O → 2 ADP + phosphate + L-glutamate + carbamoyl phosphate.
Carbamoyl phosphate + L-aspartate → phosphate + N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate.

Structure for #<Compound:0xaf007454>

Enzymes

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Transporters