{"ymdb_id":"YMDB01606","created_at":"2011-08-31T03:27:14.000Z","updated_at":"2016-09-08T18:36:53.000Z","name":"3-Methylbutanoic acid","cas":"503-74-2","state":"Liquid","melting_point":"-29.3 oC","description":"3-Methylbutanoic acid (isovaleric acid) is a natural fatty acid found in a wide variety of plants and essential oils. It has a strong pungent cheesy or sweaty smell, but its volatile esters have pleasing scents and are used widely in perfumery. Isovaleric acid is what gives stale hops its characteristically cheesy aroma and flavor. It has been suggested that isovaleric acid may be the dominant odorant in some high-Brettanomyces wines. [PMID: 17850808]","experimental_water_solubility":"40.7 mg/mL at 20 oC [YALKOWSKY,SH \u0026 DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)]","experimental_logp_hydrophobicity":"1.16 [HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)]","location":null,"synthesis_reference":null,"chebi_id":"28484","hmdb_id":"HMDB00718","kegg_id":"C08262","pubchem_id":"8314","cs_id":"10001","foodb_id":null,"wikipedia_link":null,"biocyc_id":null,"iupac":"3-methylbutanoic acid","traditional_iupac":"isovaleric acid","logp":"1.208777894","pka":null,"alogps_solubility":"6.49e+01 g/l","alogps_logp":"1.26","alogps_logs":"-0.20","acceptor_count":"2","donor_count":"1","rotatable_bond_count":"2","polar_surface_area":"37.3","refractivity":"26.4202","polarizability":"10.986666365215886","formal_charge":"0","physiological_charge":"-1","pka_strongest_basic":null,"pka_strongest_acidic":"5.01023295557517","bioavailability":"1","number_of_rings":"0","rule_of_five":"1","ghose_filter":"0","veber_rule":"1","mddr_like_rule":"0","synonyms":["3-Methyl-n-butyrate","3-Methyl-n-butyric acid","3-Methylbutanoate","3-Methylbutanoic acid","3-methylbutanoic acid (isovaleric acid)","3-Methylbuttersaeure","3-Methylbutyrate","3-Methylbutyric acid","Acetic acid, isopropyl-","b-Methylbutyrate","b-Methylbutyric acid","beta-Methylbutyrate","beta-Methylbutyric acid","Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-","Butyric acid, 3-methyl-","Delphinate","Delphinic acid","iso-C4H9COOH","isobutylformic acid","Isopentanoate","Isopentanoic acid","Isopropylacetate","Isopropylacetic acid","Isovalerate","Isovalerianate","Isovalerianic","Isovalerianic acid","Isovaleriansaeure","Isovaleric acid","Isovaleric acid sodium salt","Kyselina isovalerova","Methylbutanoic acid"],"pathways":[{"name":"Valine Biosynthesis","kegg_map_id":null}],"growth_conditions":[],"references":[{"pubmed_id":9341119,"citation":"Dickinson, J. R., Lanterman, M. M., Danner, D. J., Pearson, B. M., Sanz, P., Harrison, S. J., Hewlins, M. J. (1997). \"A 13C nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of the metabolism of leucine to isoamyl alcohol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.\" J Biol Chem 272:26871-26878."}],"proteins":[{"created_at":"2011-05-27T05:26:40.000Z","updated_at":"2011-07-22T17:54:38.000Z","name":"Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase, mitochondrial","uniprot_id":"P39522","uniprot_name":"ILV3_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"ILV3","num_residues":585,"molecular_weight":"62860.60156","theoretical_pi":"7.92","general_function":"Involved in metabolic process","specific_function":"2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate = 3-methyl-2- oxobutanoate + H(2)O","reactions":[{"id":1463,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"mitochondrion","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":1464,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"mitochondrion","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2772,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"Mitochondrion","altext":"2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate = 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + H(2)O.","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":14224,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006662","source":"Smpdb"},{"id":14225,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006762","source":"Smpdb"},{"id":14226,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006772","source":"Smpdb"}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Mitochondrion","genbank_gene_id":"X87611","genbank_protein_id":"854590","gene_card_id":"ILV3","chromosome_location":"chromosome 10","locus":"YJR016C","synonyms":["DAD","2,3-dihydroxy acid hydrolyase"],"enzyme_classes":["4.2.1.9"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" lyase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" carbon-oxygen lyase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" hydro-lyase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" dihydroxy-acid dehydratase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular amino acid metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular amino acid biosynthetic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" branched chain family amino acid biosynthetic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"ILVD_EDD","identifier":"PF00920"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis","kegg_map_id":"00290"},{"name":"Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis","kegg_map_id":"00770"}],"gene_sequence":"ATGGGCTTGTTAACGAAAGTTGCTACATCTAGACAATTCTCTACAACGAGATGCGTTGCAAAGAAGCTCAACAAGTACTCGTATATCATCACTGAACCTAAGGGCCAAGGTGCGTCCCAGGCCATGCTTTATGCCACCGGTTTCAAGAAGGAAGATTTCAAGAAGCCTCAAGTCGGGGTTGGTTCCTGTTGGTGGTCCGGTAACCCATGTAACATGCATCTATTGGACTTGAATAACAGATGTTCTCAATCCATTGAAAAAGCGGGTTTGAAAGCTATGCAGTTCAACACCATCGGTGTTTCAGACGGTATCTCTATGGGTACTAAAGGTATGAGATACTCGTTACAAAGTAGAGAAATCATTGCAGACTCCTTTGAAACCATCATGATGGCACAACACTACGATGCTAACATCGCCATCCCATCATGTGACAAAAACATGCCCGGTGTCATGATGGCCATGGGTAGACATAACAGACCTTCCATCATGGTATATGGTGGTACTATCTTGCCCGGTCATCCAACATGTGGTTCTTCGAAGATCTCTAAAAACATCGATATCGTCTCTGCGTTCCAATCCTACGGTGAATATATTTCCAAGCAATTCACTGAAGAAGAAAGAGAAGATGTTGTGGAACATGCATGCCCAGGTCCTGGTTCTTGTGGTGGTATGTATACTGCCAACACAATGGCTTCTGCCGCTGAAGTGCTAGGTTTGACCATTCCAAACTCCTCTTCCTTCCCAGCCGTTTCCAAGGAGAAGTTAGCTGAGTGTGACAACATTGGTGAATACATCAAGAAGACAATGGAATTGGGTATTTTACCTCGTGATATCCTCACAAAAGAGGCTTTTGAAAACGCCATTACTTATGTCGTTGCAACCGGTGGGTCCACTAATGCTGTTTTGCATTTGGTGGCTGTTGCTCACTCTGCGGGTGTCAAGTTGTCACCAGATGATTTCCAAAGAATCAGTGATACTACACCATTGATCGGTGACTTCAAACCTTCTGGTAAATACGTCATGGCCGATTTGATTAACGTTGGTGGTACCCAATCTGTGATTAAGTATCTATATGAAAACAACATGTTGCACGGTAACACAATGACTGTTACCGGTGACACTTTGGCAGAACGTGCAAAGAAAGCACCAAGCCTACCTGAAGGACAAGAGATTATTAAGCCACTCTCCCACCCAATCAAGGCCAACGGTCACTTGCAAATTCTGTACGGTTCATTGGCACCAGGTGGAGCTGTGGGTAAAATTACCGGTAAGGAAGGTACTTACTTCAAGGGTAGAGCACGTGTGTTCGAAGAGGAAGGTGCCTTTATTGAAGCCTTGGAAAGAGGTGAAATCAAGAAGGGTGAAAAAACCGTTGTTGTTATCAGATATGAAGGTCCAAGAGGTGCACCAGGTATGCCTGAAATGCTAAAGCCTTCCTCTGCTCTGATGGGTTACGGTTTGGGTAAAGATGTTGCATTGTTGACTGATGGTAGATTCTCTGGTGGTTCTCACGGGTTCTTAATCGGCCACATTGTTCCCGAAGCCGCTGAAGGTGGTCCTATCGGGTTGGTCAGAGACGGCGATGAGATTATCATTGATGCTGATAATAACAAGATTGACCTATTAGTCTCTGATAAGGAAATGGCTCAACGTAAACAAAGTTGGGTTGCACCTCCACCTCGTTACACAAGAGGTACTCTATCCAAGTATGCTAAGTTGGTTTCCAACGCTTCCAACGGTTGTGTTTTAGATGCTTGA","protein_sequence":"MGLLTKVATSRQFSTTRCVAKKLNKYSYIITEPKGQGASQAMLYATGFKKEDFKKPQVGVGSCWWSGNPCNMHLLDLNNRCSQSIEKAGLKAMQFNTIGVSDGISMGTKGMRYSLQSREIIADSFETIMMAQHYDANIAIPSCDKNMPGVMMAMGRHNRPSIMVYGGTILPGHPTCGSSKISKNIDIVSAFQSYGEYISKQFTEEEREDVVEHACPGPGSCGGMYTANTMASAAEVLGLTIPNSSSFPAVSKEKLAECDNIGEYIKKTMELGILPRDILTKEAFENAITYVVATGGSTNAVLHLVAVAHSAGVKLSPDDFQRISDTTPLIGDFKPSGKYVMADLINVGGTQSVIKYLYENNMLHGNTMTVTGDTLAERAKKAPSLPEGQEIIKPLSHPIKANGHLQILYGSLAPGGAVGKITGKEGTYFKGRARVFEEEGAFIEALERGEIKKGEKTVVVIRYEGPRGAPGMPEMLKPSSALMGYGLGKDVALLTDGRFSGGSHGFLIGHIVPEAAEGGPIGLVRDGDEIIIDADNNKIDLLVSDKEMAQRKQSWVAPPPRYTRGTLSKYAKLVSNASNGCVLDA"}]}