{"ymdb_id":"YMDB01325","created_at":"2011-07-25T20:17:45.000Z","updated_at":"2016-09-08T18:36:32.000Z","name":"Ferulic acid","cas":"1135-24-6","state":"Solid","melting_point":"168-172 oC ","description":"Ferulic acid is a hydroxycinnamic acid related to cinnamic acid, a type of polyphenol. It is an abundant phenolic phytochemical found in plant cell wall components. It is present in beer and wine. Ferulic acid is decarboxylated to 4-vinylguaiacol during wine fermentation by certain strains of yeast. Vinylphenols then spontaneously condensate with grape anthocyanins (mainly malvidin-3-O-glucoside) to form pigments important for the color of ageing wine. [PMID: 17303275]","experimental_water_solubility":null,"experimental_logp_hydrophobicity":"1.51 [HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)]","location":"extracellular","synthesis_reference":null,"chebi_id":"17620","hmdb_id":null,"kegg_id":"C01494","pubchem_id":"709","cs_id":"23936140","foodb_id":null,"wikipedia_link":"Ferulic_acid","biocyc_id":null,"iupac":"(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid","traditional_iupac":"ferulic acid","logp":"1.6748496726666668","pka":"9.982312921511172","alogps_solubility":"9.06e-01 g/l","alogps_logp":"1.58","alogps_logs":"-2.33","acceptor_count":"4","donor_count":"2","rotatable_bond_count":"3","polar_surface_area":"66.75999999999999","refractivity":"51.504000000000005","polarizability":"19.180103670792548","formal_charge":"0","physiological_charge":"-1","pka_strongest_basic":"-4.89396153310966","pka_strongest_acidic":"3.7673485922827705","bioavailability":"1","number_of_rings":"1","rule_of_five":"1","ghose_filter":"1","veber_rule":"0","mddr_like_rule":"0","synonyms":["(2E)-3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid","2-Propenoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-","3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid","3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylic acid","3-Methoxy-4-hydroxy-trans-cinnamate","3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-trans-cinnamic acid","3-Methoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid","4-Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid","Cinnamic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-","Ferulate","Ferulic acid"],"pathways":[{"name":"Beer Reactions","kegg_map_id":null}],"growth_conditions":[],"references":[{"pubmed_id":1917903,"citation":"Okabe, Y., Katayama, N., Iwama, M., Watanabe, H., Ohgi, K., Irie, M., Nitta, K., Kawauchi, H., Takayanagi, Y., Oyama, F., et, a. l. .. (1991). \"Comparative base specificity, stability, and lectin activity of two lectins from eggs of Rana catesbeiana and R. japonica and liver ribonuclease from R. catesbeiana.\" J Biochem 109:786-790."}],"proteins":[{"created_at":"2016-09-09T22:49:02.000Z","updated_at":"2016-09-09T22:49:03.000Z","name":"Ferulic acid decarboxylase 1","uniprot_id":"Q03034","uniprot_name":"FDC1","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"FDC1","num_residues":503,"molecular_weight":"56163.39","theoretical_pi":null,"general_function":"ferulate metabolic process","specific_function":"Catalyzes the reversible decarboxylation of aromatic carboxylic acids like ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid or cinnamic acid, producing the corresponding vinyl derivatives 4-vinylphenol, 4-vinylguaiacol, and styrene, respectively, which play the role of aroma metabolites (PubMed:20471595, PubMed:25647642). Not essential for ubiquinone synthesis (PubMed:20471595).","reactions":[{"id":34376,"direction":"\u003c\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R007484","source":"Smpdb"}],"signal_regions":null,"transmembrane_regions":null,"pdb_id":"4S13","cellular_location":null,"genbank_gene_id":null,"genbank_protein_id":null,"gene_card_id":null,"chromosome_location":null,"locus":null,"synonyms":["Phenacrylate decarboxylase"],"enzyme_classes":[],"go_classes":[{"category":"Function","description":"ferulate metabolic process"},{"category":"Function","description":"metal ion binding"},{"category":"Function","description":"oxidoreductase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":"cytoplasm"},{"category":"Function","description":"carboxy-lyase activity"},{"category":"Function","description":"FMN binding"},{"category":"Function","description":"cinnamic acid catabolic process"}],"pfams":[],"pathways":[{"name":"Beer Reactions","kegg_map_id":null}],"gene_sequence":"ATGAGGAAGCTAAATCCAGCTTTAGAATTTAGAGACTTTATCCAGGTCTTAAAAGATGAAGATGACTTAATCGAAATTACCGAAGAGATTGATCCAAATCTCGAAGTAGGTGCAATTATGAGGAAGGCCTATGAATCCCACTTACCAGCCCCGTTATTTAAAAATCTCAAAGGTGCTTCGAAGGATCTTTTCAGCATTTTAGGTTGCCCAGCCGGTTTGAGAAGTAAGGAGAAAGGAGATCATGGTAGAATTGCCCATCATCTGGGGCTCGACCCAAAAACAACTATCAAGGAAATCATAGATTATTTGCTGGAGTGTAAGGAGAAGGAACCTCTCCCCCCAATCACTGTTCCTGTGTCATCTGCACCTTGTAAAACACATATACTTTCTGAAGAAAAAATACATCTACAAAGCCTGCCAACACCATATCTACATGTTTCAGACGGTGGCAAGTACTTACAAACGTACGGAATGTGGATTCTTCAAACTCCAGATAAAAAATGGACTAATTGGTCAATTGCTAGAGGTATGGTTGTAGATGACAAGCATATCACTGGTCTGGTAATTAAACCACAACATATTAGACAAATTGCTGACTCTTGGGCAGCAATTGGAAAAGCAAATGAAATTCCTTTCGCGTTATGTTTTGGCGTTCCCCCAGCAGCTATTTTAGTTAGTTCCATGCCAATTCCTGAAGGTGTTTCTGAATCGGATTATGTTGGCGCAATCTTGGGTGAGTCGGTTCCAGTAGTAAAATGTGAGACCAACGATTTAATGGTTCCTGCAACGAGTGAGATGGTATTTGAGGGTACTTTGTCCTTAACAGATACACATCTGGAAGGCCCATTTGGTGAGATGCATGGATATGTTTTCAAAAGCCAAGGTCATCCTTGTCCATTGTACACTGTCAAGGCTATGAGTTACAGAGACAATGCTATTCTACCTGTTTCGAACCCCGGTCTTTGTACGGATGAGACACATACCTTGATTGGTTCACTAGTGGCTACTGAGGCCAAGGAGCTGGCTATTGAATCTGGCTTGCCAATTCTGGATGCCTTTATGCCTTATGAGGCTCAGGCTCTTTGGCTTATCTTAAAGGTGGATTTGAAAGGGCTGCAAGCATTGAAGACAACGCCTGAAGAATTTTGTAAGAAGGTAGGTGATATTTACTTTAGGACAAAAGTTGGTTTTATAGTCCATGAAATAATTTTGGTGGCAGATGATATCGACATATTTAACTTCAAAGAAGTCATCTGGGCCTACGTTACAAGACATACACCTGTTGCAGATCAGATGGCTTTTGATGATGTCACTTCTTTTCCTTTGGCTCCCTTTGTTTCGCAGTCATCCAGAAGTAAGACTATGAAAGGTGGAAAGTGCGTTACTAATTGCATATTTAGACAGCAATATGAGCGCAGTTTTGACTACATAACTTGTAATTTTGAAAAGGGATATCCAAAAGGATTAGTTGACAAAGTAAATGAAAATTGGAAAAGGTACGGATATAAATAA","protein_sequence":"MRKLNPALEFRDFIQVLKDEDDLIEITEEIDPNLEVGAIMRKAYESHLPAPLFKNLKGASKDLFSILGCPAGLRSKEKGDHGRIAHHLGLDPKTTIKEIIDYLLECKEKEPLPPITVPVSSAPCKTHILSEEKIHLQSLPTPYLHVSDGGKYLQTYGMWILQTPDKKWTNWSIARGMVVDDKHITGLVIKPQHIRQIADSWAAIGKANEIPFALCFGVPPAAILVSSMPIPEGVSESDYVGAILGESVPVVKCETNDLMVPATSEMVFEGTLSLTDTHLEGPFGEMHGYVFKSQGHPCPLYTVKAMSYRDNAILPVSNPGLCTDETHTLIGSLVATEAKELAIESGLPILDAFMPYEAQALWLILKVDLKGLQALKTTPEEFCKKVGDIYFRTKVGFIVHEIILVADDIDIFNFKEVIWAYVTRHTPVADQMAFDDVTSFPLAPFVSQSSRSKTMKGGKCVTNCIFRQQYERSFDYITCNFEKGYPKGLVDKVNENWKRYGYK"}]}